Facilitation of bacterial transport for the purpose of bioaugmentation of contaminant degradation may be achieved by a number of methods typically involving changes in the properties of the groundwater or changes in the characteristics of the bacterial surface. Facilitated bacterial transport was investigated in laboratory experiments monitoring bacterial retention in quartz sand and glass bead...

Endoliths in sandstones: Many scenarios for the colonization of planetary surfaces by microbial life involve endoliths [1, 2]. The need to avoid the damaging effects of ultraviolet radiation makes colonization of the immediate sub-surface desirable, particularly at an early stage of evolution before screening pigments have been developed [3, 4]. Minimal (millimetreto sub-millimetre-scale) penet...

Electron micrographs of sand grains from southern Piedmont saprolites, temperate and polar glacial deposits, and the St. Peter Sandstone are presented. Sand-grain surface features of saprolite grains are described for the first time and from these some concept of the initial surface of a quartz sand grain is obtained. Micrographs of the sand grains from glacial deposits whose erosional history ...

The analyses of 738 soil and sediment samples taken during the investigation of 20 forensic cases are combined in a database for retrospective comparisons. Quartz sand grain surface textures are combined into grain types which are analysed at one of five orders of classification. This classification also provides frequency data on the number of grain types found in a sample, the individuality o...

a r t i c l e i n f o The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of filling materials (e.g., quartz sand and kaolin clay) in the interaction between a P-wave and a rock fracture. The specific fracture stiffness reflects the seismic response of a filled fracture, while the wave transmission coefficient describes P-wave transmission across the filled fracture. A series of experimental t...

The intense heat and pressure resulting from the detonation of the world’s first nuclear device in the New Mexico desert, July 16, 1945, severely altered the arkosic sand, producing the fused, glassy material referred to as Trinitite. The study of Trinitite is key to the development of nuclear forensic techniques that can provide crucial information about a nuclear event, such as device composi...

Fluidized-bed biological reactors (FBBRs) may be used to remove chloroethenes such as trichloroethene (TCE) from groundwater. Proper selection of FBBR aqueous growth medium, biofilm solid support media type and size, and bed charge (bed depth to column length fraction) are critical for establishing a biomass of sufficient quantity and activity to transform TCE via aerobic cometabolism, which re...

We formally name the Sewell Point and Atlantic City Formations, two distinct Oligocene lithologic units identified in subsurface strata in New Jersey. These formations are stratotypified at the Ocean Drilling Program Leg 150X Atlantic City and Cape May boreholes. The lower to upper Oligocene Sewell Point Formation consists of glauconitic clays and silts and clayey glauconite sand. It can be dif...

Remote sensing data can provide valuable information about the surface expression of regional geomorphologic and geological features of arid regions. In the present study, several processing techniques were applied to reveal such in the Qatar Peninsula. Those included preprocessing for radiometric and geometric correction, various enhancement methods, classification, accuracy assessment, contra...