qasr or hasr (restriction) is one of the techniques of semantics that can be used in different ways. most of former thinkers believed that despite differences that exist in how these methods convey meaning to readers or audience, they function similarly. this research is a descriptive-analytical study of methods of qasr and tries to elaborate on the fundamental differences among these methods. ...

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BACKGROUND This study was conducted to explain the trend of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) in Kermanshah Province, western Iran from 1991-2012. METHODS In this analytical-descriptive study, all of the patients suspected to CL in Kermanshah Province were studied. Smears were prepared from most of them, stained with Giemsa, and examined microscopically for Leishman bodies. A few of the patients w...

This article attempts to gain an understanding of the current and potential impact of the Internet on the four-fifths of the world's population living in developing countries, two-thirds of them poor. First, it attempts to put today's rapid advances in information and communication technology in a broader debate about development and the role of information. Next, it explores the interaction be...

Background: This study assessed the removal of organic material and nutrients from full-scale subsurface flow (SSF) constructed wetlands (CWs) followed by anaerobic stabilization ponds under environmental conditions. Methods: The effluents were distributed evenly in 12 reed beds. Samples were taken twice monthly for a total of 6 months from several points in the wetland. Biochemical oxygen dema...

Shirin Nosratnejad, Elham Shami. Department of Health Services Management, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Iranian Center of Excellence in Health Services Management, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. (*Corresponding author); MSc of Health Services Management, Faculty of Management and Medical Informatics, Iranian Center of Excellence for Health Management, Tabr...