The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hormonal control of pyloric sphincter function. Studies were performed on both pyloric circular muscle, in vitro, and the human pylorus, in vivo. Full dose-response curves to gastrin I, cholecystokinin, and secretin were constructed for the pyloric muscle of the opossum studied at its length of optimal tension development, Lo. Both cholecystokinin a...

BACKGROUND Ultrasound guidelines for hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) have fixed minimum measurements and do not account for variation in patient weight or age. We sought to determine if preoperative pyloric measurements correlated with weight and age in patients with surgically proven HPS. METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted of 189 patients with HPS treated at a single institut...

Neuronal firing patterns can contain different temporal information. It has long been known that the fast pyloric and the slower gastric motor patterns in the stomatogastric ganglion of decapod crustaceans interact. However, the bidirectional influences between the pyloric rhythm and the gastric mill rhythm have not been quantified in detail from preparations that spontaneously express both pat...

It has long been known that gastric mill network activity (cycle period 5-10 s) alters pyloric network output (cycle period approximately 1 s), but these effects have not been quantified. Many pyloric muscles extract gastric mill timed variations in pyloric motor neuron firing, and consequently produce gastric mill timed movements even though no gastric mill neurons innervate them. Determining ...

Rhythmic movements of the gastric mill and pyloric regions of the crustacean foregut are controlled by two stomatogastric neuronal networks that have been intensively studied in vitro. By using electromyographic recordings from the European lobster, Homarus gammarus, we have monitored simultaneously the motor activity of pyloric and gastric mill muscles for </=3 mo in intact and freely behaving...

Using adult mongrel dogs, pyloric motor activity and gastric emptying observed by phototransducer (P.T.) under anesthesia and by strain gage transducer (S.G.T.) under consciousness. Pyloric motor activity and function were investigated in the dogs with distorted pylorus after instorations of Daclon tube, pyloric resection and pyloric stenosis. The pyloric sphincter responses to gastrin, pancreo...

Neuronal firing patterns can contain different temporal information. It has long been known that the fast pyloric and the slower gastric motor patterns in the stomatogastric ganglion of decapod crustaceans interact. However, the bi-directional influences between the pyloric rhythm and the gastric mill rhythm have not been quantified in detail from preparations that spontaneously express both pa...

Pyloric muscle dimensions were measured in 1400 consecutive newborn infants. Nine of these subsequently developed pyloric stenosis. Their pyloric measurements at birth were all within the normal range. Congenital preformed muscular hypertrophy does not appear to be present in babies who later develop pyloric stenosis.

Recordings from the muscles of the pyloric chamber of the shrimp Palaemon display a rhythmic pattern which is either monophasic or biphasic, and is different from the triphasic pyloric pattern of large decapods. Identification of the pyloric neurones in the stomatogastric ganglion and study of their synaptic relationships indicate that the pyloric circuit of Palaemon is very similar to the pylo...

A 20-day-old girl presented with increasing projectile vomiting over a period of one week and progressive weight loss. The diagnosis of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) was made by sonography (Length of pyloric channel: 22 mm; muscle thickness: 5 mm). Open standard pyloromyotomy was performed. The postoperative course uneventful. On the 50th postoperative day, the girl was readmitted with pr...