This study examines the relationship between different types of conversational interaction and SLA. Long’s (1996) updated version of the interactionist hypothesis claims that implicit negative feedback, which can be obtained through negotiated interaction, facilitates SLA. Similar claims for the benefits of negotiation have been made by Pica (1994) and Gass (1997). Some support for the interact...

negotiating is the process of communicating back and forth for the purpose of reaching a joint agreement about differing needs or ideas. for successful negotiations, both parties should come to the negotiating table with having done some serious thinking about the barriers to and complexities of cross- cultural communications. there are four phases in negotiations: relationship building, inform...

This paper analyzes a recent exhibit in Vietnam’s national ethnology museum which depicted ordinary people’s everyday experiences during the postwar, pre-reform era Hanoi, an was full of hardship and had rarely been discussed publicly prior to this. The narrated critical yet nostalgic representation favored ‘ordinary citizens’’ above official discourses about this period. I argue that designers...

In many robotic applications, manipulation planning for an object free to slide on a surface is an import; oblem. Physical analysis of the object's motion is made difficult by the absence of information about 1 stribution of support of die object, and of the resulting frictional forces. This paper describes a n iproach to the analysis of sliding motion. The instantaneous motion of the object ca...