Measurement of pupil size (pupillometry) has recently gained renewed interest from psychologists, but there is little agreement on how pupil-size data is best analyzed. Here we focus on one aspect of pupillometric analyses: baseline correction, i.e., analyzing changes in pupil size relative to a baseline period. Baseline correction is useful in experiments that investigate the effect of some ex...

The sudden appearance of a novel stimulus initiates a series of responses to orient the body for appropriate actions, including not only shifts of gaze and attention, but also transient pupil dilation. Modulation of pupil dynamics by stimulus properties is less understood, although its effects on other components of orienting have been extensively explored. Microstimulation of the superior coll...

purpose: to evaluate pupil dilation with intracameral injection of preservative-free lidocaine 1% during phacoemulsification. methods: this interventional case series included 31 consecutive senile cataract patients scheduled for phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (iol) implantation. pupil dilation was achieved using intracameral preservative-free lidocaine 1% without any preoperative or ...

PREVious papers (Lowe, 1964a) have remarked that when the pupils of eyes with shallow anterior chambers, narrow angles, and open peripheral iridectomies are dilated with homatropine, a considerable proportion of the eyes with persistently narrow angles develop angle-closure, a consequent fall in outflow facility, and a rise in intra-ocular pressure that may reach the fifties within two hours. W...

Pupil-mapping is a technique whereby a uniformly-illuminated input pupil, such as from starlight, can be mapped into a non-uniformly illuminated exit pupil, such that the image formed from this pupil will have suppressed sidelobes, many orders of magnitude weaker than classical Airy ring intensities. Pupil mapping is therefore a candidate technique for coronagraphic imaging of extrasolar planet...

Cognitive effort is reflected in pupil dilation, but the assessment of pupil size is potentially susceptible to changes in gaze position. This study exemplarily used sentence reading as a stand-in for paradigms that assess pupil size in tasks during which changes in gaze position are unavoidable. The influence of gaze position on pupil size was first investigated by an artificial eye model with...

During wakefulness, pupil diameter can reflect changes in attention, vigilance, and cortical states. How pupil size relates to cortical activity during sleep, however, remains unknown. Pupillometry during natural sleep is inherently challenging since the eyelids are usually closed. Here, we present a novel head-fixed sleep paradigm in combination with infrared back-illumination pupillometry (iB...