The authors review the existing physical modalities for treatment of chronic wounds and show the advantages of electric current and electromagnetic field stimulation. Direct currents, low frequency pulsed currents, monophasic high voltage pulses and pulsed electromagnetic fields are compared in respect of their efficiency. Wound healing quantification methods, wound healing dynamics and prognos...

Maxwell equations are the basis of the theory of electromagnetic fields. In the stationary case they split into independent problems for electric and magnetic fields. For the electric field in conductive media electrical conductivity problem is formulated, and in insulators the problem of electrostatics is formulated. Equations for stationary problems are of elliptic type, whereas in general th...

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the external application of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF’s) could enhance the amount of orthodontic tooth movement in young

Effect of modulated pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs; carrier frequency, 14 MHz. modulated at 16 Hz of amplitude 10 V peak to peak) on sciatic neurectomy induced osteoporosis in rat femur and tibia resulted in statistically significant increase in bone mineral density, and deceleration in bone resorption process and consequently further osteoporosis in rat bone. These results suggest that s...

Objective- Although the promotional effects on bone healing of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF)have been well demonstrated, the effects of static magnetic fields (SMF) remained unclear. In this study,effects of SMFs on clinical and biomechanical aspects of bone healing using a canine unstable osteotomygap model were investigated .Design- Prospective descriptive trial.Animals- Fifteen mongre...