BACKGROUND Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a complex congenital heart disease with anatomic variations. Although the pulmonary valve in TOF is abnormal, it has not been studied well, especially on newer imaging modalities such as multidetector computed tomography (CT), which gives excellent anatomic detail. AIMS The aim of this study was to assess the morphology of pulmonary valve in TOF on CT a...

Goldenhar syndrome (GS), a rare condition, occurring due to defect in development of first and second branchial arches, is characterized by a combination of various anomalies involving face, eyes, ears, vertebrae, heart, and lungs. The etiology of GS is not fully known, although various hypotheses have been proposed along with its genetic association and many other causes. Facial asymmetry and ...

BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypoplasia accompanied by pulmonary hypertension resistant to treatment is an important feature of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). The pathogenesis of the pulmonary vascular abnormalities in CDH remains to be elucidated at the molecular level. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), an endothelial cell specific mitogen, is known to play a role in pulmonary angioge...

The pulmonary lymphatic vasculature plays a vital role in maintaining fluid homeostasis required for efficient gas exchange at capillary alveolar barriers and contributes to lung fluid clearance at birth. To further understanding of pulmonary lymphatic function at birth, lineage-tracing analysis of mouse lung was used. Lineage analysis confirmed that lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC) bud from e...

Gastroschisis is a congenital paraumbilical anterior abdominal wall defect resulting in herniation of contents. Incidence gastroschisis ~5 per 10,000 live births. Usually, it right sided and left rare. itself has good prognosis, but the prognosis may vary with severity associated conditions. This article reports case pulmonary hypoplasia.

Background  Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is fatal in severe cases of pulmonary hypoplasia. We experienced a fatal case of pulmonary hypoplasia due to CDH, thoracic myelomeningocele (MMC), and thoracic dysplasia. This constellation of anomalies has not been previously reported. Case Report  A male infant with a prenatal diagnosis of thoracic MMC with severe hydrocephalus and scoliosis w...

Double outlet right ventricle (DORV) is a congenital heart disease in which the great arteries (aorta and main pulmonary artery) arise from the right ventricle (RV), with concomitant ventricular septal defect (VSD), usually non-restrictive. Double outlet right ventricle can be accompanied by other cardiovascular anomalies, such as ventricular hypoplasia, restrictive septal defects and various p...

We present a case in which an intracranial tumour replacing all intracranial contents was diagnosed by sonography at 31 weeks' gestation. The patient was delivered by caesarean section and died shortly after delivery. At necropsy, the tumour was found to be a teratoma with no recognisable normal brain tissue present. Additional findings at necropsy included pulmonary and adrenal hypoplasia. The...

A case of right sided pulmonary hypoplasia with tuberculosis is described . A 7 months male was admitted in our department with complaints of recurrent chest infections since birth. Clinical examination revealed smaller right hemithorax. Serial chest Xrays showed non progressive lesions over several months . Bronchoscopy and CT scan thorax confirmed the diagnosis of right sided pulmonary hypopl...