PURPOSE To characterize and quantify the distal edge activity fall off, created in a phantom by a proton therapy beam METHOD AND MATERIALS: A 30×30×10cm polymethylmethacrylate phantom was irradiated with a proton therapy beam using different ranges and beams. The irradiation volume is approximated by a right circular cylinder of diameter 7.6cm and varying lengths. After irradiation, the phantom...

This paper is a continuation of the preliminary dosimetric evaluation of source terms at PW laser systems [1] the proton case. The main acceleration mechanisms and the associated characteristics of the accelerated proton beams were briefly presented. FLUKA and GEANT4 Monte Carlo transport codes were used to compute absorbed doses due to three proton beams of well defined energy and spatial dist...

Particle beam therapy has been rapidly developed in these several decades. Proton and carbon ion beams are most frequently used in particle beam therapy. Proton and carbon ion beam radiotherapy have physical and biological advantage to the conventional photon radiotherapy. Cancers of the skull base, nasal cavity, and paranasal sinus are rare; however these diseases can receive the benefits of p...

Ultra-short proton pulses originating from laser-plasma accelerators can provide instantaneous dose rates at least 10(7)-fold in excess of conventional, continuous proton beams. The impact of such extremely high proton dose rates on A549 human lung cancer cells was compared with conventionally accelerated protons and 90 keV X-rays. Between 0.2 and 2 Gy, the yield of DNA double strand breaks (fo...

A simple analytical model is found that predicts the exact proton spectrum needed to obtain a spread-out-Bragg peak (SOBP) distribution for laser-accelerated proton beams. The theory is based on the solution to the Boltzmann kinetic equation for the proton distribution function. The resulting analytical expression allows one to calculate the SOBP proton energy spectra for the different beamlet ...

Neutrino beams at from high-energy proton accelerators have been instrumental discovery tools in particle physics. Neutrino beams are derived from the decays of charged π and K mesons, which in turn are created from proton beams striking thick nuclear targets. The precise selection and manipulation of the π/K beam control the energy spectrum and type of neutrino beam. This article describes the...

Background: The assessment of RBE quantity in the treatment of cancer tumors with proton beams in treatment planning systems (TPS) is of high significance. Given the significance of the issue and the studies conducted in the literature, this quantity is fixed and is taken as equal to 1.1.Objective: The main objective of this study was to assess RBE quantity of proton beams and their variations ...

The beam optics of the PS-SPS transfer line at CERN has been studied and optimised for a variety of beams. Betatron and dispersion matching has been performed for the fixedtarget proton and ion beams, as well as for the future LHC proton beam. The techniques applied to the measurement of the optical parameters in the transfer line are discussed and experimental results are presented.

This paper proposes a new method of proton acceleration. A slow plasma wave produced by backward Raman scattering captures slow protons injected. A density gradient of a plasma enables the wave phase velocity to increase as the proton test beams are accelerated. A proof-of-principle experiment is proposed using a T laser and test beams from a Van de Graaff accelerator, in which a 500mJ laser wi...

We present a technique for simultaneous focusing and energy selection of high-current, mega-electron volt proton beams with the use of radial, transient electric fields (10(7) to 10(10) volts per meter) triggered on the inner walls of a hollow microcylinder by an intense subpicosecond laser pulse. Because of the transient nature of the focusing fields, the proposed method allows selection of a ...