Understanding gene-gene interaction and its causal relationship to protein-protein interaction is a viable route for understanding drug action at the genetic level, which is largely hindered by inability to robustly map gene regulatory networks. Here, we use biological prior knowledge of family-to-family gene interactions available in the KEGG database to reveal individual gene-to-gene interact...

Background Oocyte maturity includes nuclear and cytoplasmic maturity, both of which are important for embryo fertilization. The development of oocyte is not limited to the period of follicular growth, and starts from the embryonic period and continues throughout life. In this study, for the purpose of evaluating the effect of the FSH hormone on the expression of genes, GEO access codes for this...

Protein interaction networks summarize large amounts of protein-protein interaction data, both from individual, small-scale experiments and from automated high-throughput screens. The past year has seen a flood of new experimental data, especially on metazoans, as well as an increasing number of analyses designed to reveal aspects of network topology, modularity and evolution. As only minimal p...

Background: Accumulating reports suggest that the biological effects of low- and high- dose ionizing radiation (LDIR and HDIR) are qualitatively different and might cause different effects in human skin. Materials and Methods: To better understand the potential risks of LDIR, we analyzed three cDNA microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Results: A pathway analysis showed...

This paper presents an efficient optimization procedure to find the optimal shapes of double curvature  arch  dams  considering  fluid–structure  interaction  subject  to  earthquake  loading. The optimization is carried out using a combination of the magnetic charged system search, big bang-big crunch algorithm and artificial neural network methods. Performing the finite element  analysis  dur...

Networks are increasingly used to study the impact of drugs at the systems level. From the algorithmic standpoint, a drug can "attack" nodes or edges of a protein-protein interaction network. In this work, we propose a new network strategy, "The Interface Attack", based on protein-protein interfaces. Similar interface architectures can occur between unrelated proteins. Consequently, in principl...