*Corresponding author: Maryam Tavakoli M.D, Department of Internal Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Email: [email protected] Melatonin is a hormone produced in the pineal gland. Melatonin is produced of tryptophan and serotonin and is metabolized to 6-hydroxyl melatonin in the liver (1-3). Melatonin is a highly important antioxidant. Free radicals damages cells...

Although statins decrease cholesterol synthesis, they also possess 'pleiotropic' effects, such as enhancing the function of vascular endothelium and the stability of atherosclerotic plaques. Furthermore, they attenuate oxidative stress, inflammation, and the prothrombotic response. These diverse biological actions may explain their perioperative protective effects, especially in patients underg...

The gastric mucosa is continuously exposed to many noxious factors and substances. How the gastric mucosa maintains structural integrity and resists auto-digestion by substances such as acid and pepsin puzzled clinicians and investigators for more than 200 years. The gastric epithelium must also resist damage from extrinsic agents, including Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and noxious ingestion...