BACKGROUND In human TKA studies, intraosseous regional administration (IORA) of prophylactic antibiotics achieves local tissue antibiotic concentrations 10 times greater than systemic administration. However, it is unclear if such high concentrations provide more effective prophylaxis. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES We asked: (1) What prophylaxis dosage and route (intravenous [IV] versus IORA of prophyla...

INTRODUCTION Antimicrobial prophylaxis for urologic procedures is a major issue, as potential advantages of antibiotic administration should be carefully weighed against potential side effects, microbial resistance, and health care costs. This study aimed to review a six years trend of antibiotic use in urological surgeries at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH) being an experience in a typical t...

Antibiotic overuse has created a problem with increased antibiotic resistance of disease-causing microorganisms. Prophylactic usage in dentistry contributed to this and adverse events like Clostridioides difficile infection. prescribing practices need review, so do treatment options for patient care the post-antibiotic age. Hydrogen peroxide is an example antimicrobial that can treat anaerobic ...

In this study, we investigated whether the occurrence of surgical site infection (SSI) could be decreased by a shorter duration of prophylactic antibiotic medications. Prophylactic antibiotic selection was a 1st or 2nd generation cephalosporin or sulbactam/ampicillin for 2 days for open surgery, laparoscopic surgery, transurethral lithotripsy (TUL), and transurethral resection of the prostate (...

Bacterial infection may be a critical trigger for variceal bleeding. Antibiotic prophylaxis can prevent rebleeding in patients with acute gastroesophageal variceal bleeding (GEVB). The aim of the study was to compare prophylactic third generation cephalosporins with on-demand antibiotics for the prevention of gastroesophageal variceal rebleeding. In a prospective trial, patients with the first ...

Hundreds of insect species are nowadays reared under laboratory conditions. Rearing of insects always implicates the risk of diseases, among which microbial infections are the most frequent and difficult problems. Although there are effective prophylactic treatments, the side effects of applied antibiotics are not well understood. We examined the effect of prophylactic antibiotic treatment on t...

Effective prophylactic antibiotic agents are active against most but not all potential pathogens, which usually are endogenous flora. The goal of antibiotic prophylaxis is to prevent infection, not to cure or treat disease. In contrast to the therapeutic use of antibiotics, prophylaxis must be administered before the potential exposure, and usually for a short duration (less than 24 hours). The...

PURPOSE Most surgeons administer prophylactic antibiotics for 3 to 5 days postoperatively. However, the Center for Disease Control (CDC) guideline recommends antibiotic therapy for 24 hours or less in clean/uncontaminated surgery. Thus, we prospectively studied the use of short term prophylactic antibiotic therapy after gastric cancer surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 103 patients who...