Though critics of traditional epistemology agree that we need to account for the role that social factors play in inquiry, developing a viable social epistemology has proved to be difficult. According to Helen Longino, it is the processes that make inquiry possible that are social, for they require a number of people to sustain them. These processes facilitate inquiry, and ensure that the resul...

We introduce a concept of 2 3 PROP generalizing the Kontsevich concept of 1 2 PROP. We prove that some Stasheff-type compactification of the Kontsevich spaces K(m,n) defines a topological 2 3 PROP structure. The corresponding chain complex is a minimal model for its cohomology (both are considered as 2 3 PROPs). We construct a 2 3 PROP End(V ) for a vector space V . Finally, we construct a dg L...

Stability of aggregation operators is characterized and discussed. 1-stability turns to coincide with 1-Lipschitz p r o p erty. Several examples and basic results are given.

Sec. 16.1 What this part does. 16.2 Definitions. 16.3 When these procedures become available. 16.4 Summary of procedures below. 16.5 How the Board operates. 16.6 Who represents the parties. 16.7 The first steps in the appeal process: The notice of appeal and the Board’s response. 16.8 The next step in the appeal process: Preparation of an appeal file and written argument. 16.9 How the Board wil...

the interaction between propranolol (prop) and human serum albumin (hsa) was studied in the presence of dimethyl methylphosphonate (dmmp). dmmp is usually considered as a simulant for chemical warfare agents (cwas). for this purpose fluorescence quenching, resonance light scattering (rls), synchronous, three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular dynamics (md) simulation were emplo...

Holey fibers (HF) with their peculiar properties have been used in fabrication of Erbium doped holey fiber amplifiers (EDHFA) for third optical communication window. In this paper, by using scalar effective index method, the analyses are presented to investigate the effects of HF geometrical parameters on the gain performance of the EDHFAs. The hierarchical variations of the parameters, includi...

Doug Beeferman Adam Berger John La erty School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 dougb,aberger,la [email protected] ABSTRACT This paper describes a lightweight method for the automatic insertion of intra-sentence punctuation into text. Despite the intuition that pauses in an acoustic stream are a positive indicator for some types of punctuation, this work will dem...

This paper is concerned with a minimal resolution of the prop for bialgebras (Hopf algebras without unit, counit and antipode). We prove a theorem about the form of this resolution (Theorem 12) and give, in Section 5, a lot of explicit formulas for the differential. Our minimal model contains all information about the deformation theory of bialgebras and related cohomology. Algebras over this m...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS The purpose of this study was to validate the use of edible taste strips for measuring taste recognition thresholds for the bitter-tasting compound 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP). STUDY DESIGN Taste recognition thresholds for PROP were obtained by two separate methods. Thresholds were also identified in subjects whose airflow through the nose was blocked. Threshold values w...

A novel delivery method is described that incorporates taste stimuli into edible strips for determining n-propylthiouracil (PROP) taster status. Edible strips that contained 400 or 600 nanomoles of PROP were prepared for psychophysical studies. Using these strips, we measured taste intensity, taste hedonics, and taste quality responses in a sample of healthy volunteers (n = 118). Participants w...