open-pit production scheduling (opps) problem focuses on determining a block sequencing and scheduling to maximize net present value (npv) of the venture under constraints. the scheduling model is critically sensitive to the economic value volatility of block, block weight, and operational capacity. in order to deal with the opps uncertainties, various approaches can be recommended. robust opti...

background: air pollution in tehran, capital of iran is responsible for several diverse negative effects. it has been estab­lished that air pollution can affect human health. these health effects include increased hospital admissions due to the ex­acerba­tion of cardiac and respiratory diseases, as well as symptoms such as headache, cough, eye irritation, nausea, sputum and even death in the mo...

one of the most important dimention of the industrial structure is the concentration. in order to determine concentration in iranian industries from 2000 to 2005, the 5-firm concentration ratio is used in terms of sale value, production, value added and employment variables. the results indicate high correlation among concentration ratios in terms of sale, employment, value added and production...

Considering Iran geographical location, water is the most limited factor in agriculture section. Therefore, it would be logical to consider water as one of the most significant criteria in selection of cultivation model. The purpose of this study is assigning cultivation pattern based on economic value of water in Gotvand Township in agronomic year 2008-2009. So it was necessary to computes the...

Nutraceuticals are important natural bioactive compounds that confer health-promoting and medical benefits to humans. Globally growing demands for value-added nutraceuticals for prevention and treatment of human diseases have rendered nutraceuticals a multi-billion dollar market. However, supply limitations and extraction difficulties from natural sources such as plants, animals or fungi, restr...

Placing places in GPNs Creating, enhancing and capturing value in GPNs Upgrading (or downgrading) of local economies within GPNs Injecting capital? Stimulating local fi rms? Diffusing knowledge? Creating good jobs? Number of jobs Quality of jobs Wages and salaries Labour relations The other side of the coin: exporting jobs from ‘headquarters countries’ The importance of being there But just bei...