In order to engrave gravure plate with fine lines structures, conventional art used lithography with dry/wet etching. Lithography with dry/wet etching method allows to engrave lines with smooth concave shape, but its disadvantages include difficulty in controlling aspect ratio, high and uniform in large size process, substrate material limitation due to etching solution availability, and proces...

The manufacture of high-performance electronic devices with micrometre or even submicrometre dimensions by solution processing and direct printing, requires the ability to control accurately the flow and spread of functional liquid inks on surfaces. This can be achieved with the help of surface-energy patterns causing inks to be repelled and dewetted from pre-defined regions of the substrate. T...

Controlling the occurrence of defects is a major challenge for manufacturing organizations that are seeking to enhance their competitive position in today’s global market. This paper considers the process of screen-printing T-shirts using hydraulic and pneumatic printing machines. Several defects in the output of this printing process have been observed, especially with multi colors printing as...

Smith College, as an educational institution, uses a considerable amount of paper. A significant portion of this consumption, however, is unnecessary. This study focused on needless printing from computers. Based on the testimony of computer lab consultants, thousands of sheets of paper are wasted daily college-wide. Efforts to reduce paper usage at four other colleges were investigated. Smith ...

Thermoelectric energy generators are attractive as potential energy harvesters for converting waste thermal energy into electrical power. Optimized thermoelectric device designs require 100-200 μm element thicknesses currently unachievable with common manufacturing technologies. This work presents both a unique direct-write dispenser printing technique and novel polymer-composite thermoelectric...

Using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) technique, the dispersion contours and the exposure rate of Flexographic printing workers to VOCs in a printing department is evaluated. Firstly, VOCs distribution is determined in the printing room due to the existing ventilation system. Through next steps, 4 scenarios for lowering VOCs concentration and its exposure rate to workers are analyzed. Concen...

printing and packaging industries make three phases of solid, liquid and gaseous contaminants which can cause very dangerous problems. the presence of alcohols, inks, and cleaners can result in massive range of industrial pollutants. always respiratory problems, fatigue, dizziness, weakness, abnormal behavior, memory impairment, insomnia, loss of appetite, and impaired vision and hearing and ca...

Digital printing is being used more and more. Several of these prints end up in the recovered paper collection from households, offices and industry, becoming part of the raw material to be recycled by papermakers. Most printing technologies are well accepted but pose some difficulties with respect to deinkability and paper recycling. Worldwide ; approximately 50 % of the paper is recycled ; Di...