A dvances in 3-dimensional (3D) echocardiography offer a rapid, effective imaging technique with adequate temporal and spatial resolution for left ventricular motion assessment. 3D multidirectional tracking of the endocardial left ventricular layer has shown that the functional pattern of directional strain arrangement during cardiac contraction closely relates with the structural architecture ...

Root growth and architecture are major components of plant nutrient and water use efficiencies and these traits are the matter of extensive genetic analysis in several crop species. Because root growth relies on exported assimilate from the shoot, and changes in assimilate supply are known to alter root architecture, we hypothesized (i) that the genetic bases of root growth could be intertwined...

The effects of varieties, producing areas, ears, and ear positions of maize on near-infrared (NIR) spectra were investigated to determine the factors causing the differences in NIR fingerprints of maize varieties. A total of 130 inbred lines were grown in two regions in China, and 12,350 kernel samples were analyzed through NIR spectroscopy. Spectral differences among varieties, producing areas...

This study analysed the effect of the intracerebroventricular administration of bombesin (BN) at doses of 0.001, 0.005, 0.1 and 1.0 microg/2 microl on yawning, grooming and other behavioral correlates in two inbred strains of male rats. These were selected for high-yawning (HY) and low-yawning (LY) frequency, a difference that correlates with novelty-induced grooming. Grooming increased with BN...

This study introduces a new multivariate approach for analyzing the effects of quantitative trait loci (QTL) on shape and demonstrates this method for the mouse mandible. We quantified size and shape with the methods of geometric morphometrics, based on Procrustes superimposition of five morphological landmarks recorded on each mandible. Interval mapping for F(2) mice originating from an interc...

Assessing locomotor behavior is a standard methodology to characterize the behavioral phenotype of a genetic manipulation. Typically, levels of locomotor activity are measured using various methods that are based on the frequency of photobeam breaks or distance traveled as assessed by video-tracking systems. Locomotor behavior, however, is multi-dimensional and reflects the combined influences ...

Abstract In this work, multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs) with the five base elements Al, Cr, Fe, Ni and Ti plus in minor amounts were produced by powder metallurgy their microstructure elastic behavior analyzed via light scanning electron microscopy, backscatter diffraction (EBSD) synchrotron X-ray diffraction. The two studied compositions are an MPEA equimolar ratio as well a similar comp...

Analysis of deformations in terms of principal directions appears well suited for biological tissues that present an underlying anatomical structure of fiber arrangement. We applied this concept here to study deformation of the beating heart in vivo analyzing 30 subjects that underwent accurate three-dimensional echocardiographic recording of the left ventricle. Results show that strain develop...