Jewish bioethics in the contemporary era emerges from the traditional practice of applying principles of Jewish law (Halacha) to ethical dilemmas. The Bible (written law) and the Talmud (oral law) are the foundational texts on which such deliberations are based. Interpretation of passages in these texts attempts to identify the duties of physicians, patients and families faced with difficult he...

INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................. 1289 I. THE NATURE AND COMPONENTS OF FIDUCIARY RELATIONSHIPS AND THE RISKS THE RELATIONSHIPS POSE TO BOTH PARTIES .......... 1293 A. Components of Fiduciary Relationships .................................... 1293 B. While Fiduciaries’ Services Provide Benefits to Entrustors, the Services I...

The first mental health law of China entered into effect on May 1, 2013. This was the biggest event in the mental health field in China. The present review introduces its legislative process, its main idea, and the principle and essence of formulating this mental health law. Current problems of the law and possible countermeasures are also discussed.

A simple proof of a strengthened form of the first law of black hole mechanics is presented. The proof is based directly upon the Hamiltonian formulation of general relativity, and it shows that the the first law variational formula holds for arbitrary nonsingular, asymptotically flat perturbations of a stationary, axisymmetric black hole, not merely for perturbations to other stationary, axisy...

‘‘ I invoke the first law of geography: everything is related to everything else, but near things are more related than distant things’’ (Tobler 1970). How could a sentence justifying heuristic calculations in a crude urban growth simulation generate an icon now known as Tobler’s First Law (TFL)? Why has this law resonated so strongly in geography? Waldo Tobler could invoke a first law of geogr...

We study the mechanics of Hayward's trapping horizons, taking isolated horizons as equilibrium states. Zeroth and second laws of dynamic horizon mechanics come from the isolated and trapping horizon formalisms, respectively. We derive a dynamical first law by introducing a new perturbative formulation for dynamic horizons in which "slowly evolving" trapping horizons may be viewed as perturbativ...