Salinity gradient energy (SGE) refers to the energy created from the difference in salt concentration between two streams. There are three types of SGE namely, pressure retarded osmosis (PRO), reverse electrodialysis (RED), and capacitive mixing (CapMix). All these technologies require membrane for the system to be operational. In this short review, the membranes modifications for each principl...

Osmosis is a physical phenomenon that has been extensively studied by scientists in various disciplines of science and engineering. Early researchers studied the mechanism of osmosis through natural materials, and from the 1960s, special attention has been given to osmosis through synthetic materials. Following the progress in membrane science in the last few decades, especially for reverse osm...

In this work, we use a modified thin film composite RO membrane to examine the impacts of selectivity and compaction on performance pressure retarded osmosis. membranes are promising platforms study PRO because they tolerant typical pressures well characterized for permeance selectivity. Their availability across range (from nanofiltration seawater RO) also allows us systematically investigate ...

Pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) can be considered as one of the methods for utilizing osmotic power, which is a membrane-based technology. Mathematical modeling plays an essential part in development and optimization PRO energy-generating systems. In this research, mathematical model was developed hollow fiber module to predict power density permeate water flux theoretically. Sodium chloride so...

This paper focuses on a Hybrid Process that uses feed salinity dilution and osmotic power recovery from Pressure Retarded Osmosis (PRO) to achieve higher overall water recovery. This reduces the energy consumption and capital costs of conventional seawater desalination and water reuse processes. The Hybrid Process increases the amount of water recovered from the current 66.7% for conventional s...

Pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO) has the potential to generate sustainable energy from salinity gradients. PRO is typically considered for operation with river water and seawater, but a far greater energy of mixing can be harnessed from hypersaline solutions. This study investigates the power density that can be obtained in PRO from such concentrated solutions. Thin-film composite membranes with...

The gain in net power produced by Salinity Gradient plants river mouths due to the optimal location of water intakes is analysed this paper. More precisely, work focuses on stratified and membrane-based technology Pressure-Retarded Osmosis. A methodology for analysis proposed then applied a case study Colombia. Temperature, salinity discharge data were gathered at Magdalena mouth develop hydrod...