background: taking visual acuity is an important part of an eye routine examination. this study was conducted to compare visual acuity measured using an iranian digital tumbling e chart with visual acuity measured using an italian digital tumbling e chart as a familiar foreign chart. materials and methods: this study was carried out on 200 participants (400 eyes; healthy n=40, glaucoma n=40, re...

OBJECTIVES To summarise the methods of the European Prospective Investigation of Cancer (EPIC)-Norfolk Eye Study, and to present data on the prevalence of visual impairment and associations with visual impairment in the participants. DESIGN A population-based cross-sectional study nested within an on-going prospective cohort study (EPIC). SETTING East England population (the city of Norwich...

BACKGROUND Visual acuity and vision related quality of life outcomes in cataract surgery were evaluated in a population based survey in two geographic zones in Nepal. METHODS Case finding was based on random sampling using a stratified cluster design with door to door enumeration of people aged > or = 45 years followed by eye examinations at village sites. All aphakics/pseudophakics, those wi...

CONTEXT The prevalence of visual impairment in the US public has not been surveyed nationally in several decades. OBJECTIVE To estimate the number of US individuals aged 12 years or older who have impaired distance vision due to uncorrected refractive error. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), using a multistage probability sampli...

purpose : design and establishment of persian near reading card for clinical use and practice methods : at first, card dimension, word and character size and specifications were calculated. then, english near reading card, richmond product inc, was considered as a template. context and syntax contribute to reading accuracy and efficacy of the richmond card was considered for designed persian ca...

BACKGROUND A recent estimate by the World Health Organization (WHO) suggests that 161 million persons worldwide have visual impairment, including 37 million blind (best-corrected visual acuity less than 3/60 in the better eye) and 124 million with visual impairment less severe than blindness (best-corrected acuity less than 6/18 to 3/60 in the better eye). This estimate is quoted widely, but be...

Background: The major limitation in human vision is refractive error. Auxiliary equipment and methods for these people are not always available. In addition, limited range of accommodation in adult people when switching from a far point to a near point is not simply possible. In this paper, we are looking for solutions to use the facilities of digital image processing and displaying to improve ...

background: adverse effect of sun rays mainly uv ray on the human eye documented and protection of eyes is necessary using different methods such as, sun glasses. sunglasses are designed in different colors. the aim of this study was evaluation of the effect of different colors of sunglasses on the visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, stereopsis and color vision. methods: 81 normal subjects wer...

OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence and causes of visual impairment in the Meiktila district of central, rural Myanmar. DESIGN Population-based cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS Random, stratified, cluster sampling of the inhabitants 40 years of age and older from villages in the Meiktila district was performed; 2481 eligible participants were identified and 2076 participated in the stu...