It remains unclear whether preemptive transplantation is beneficial, and if so, who benefits. A total of 38,836 first, kidney-only transplants between 1995 and 1998 were retrospectively studied. A surprising 39% of preemptive transplants were from cadaver donors, and the proportions of cadaver donor transplants that were preemptive changed little, from 7.3% in 1995 to 7.7% in 1998. Preemptive t...

While it is widely believed that preemptability is a necessary requirement for developing real-time software, there are additional costs involved with preemptive scheduling, as compared to non-preemptive scheduling. Furthermore, in the context of fixed-priority scheduling, feasibility of a task set with nonpreemptive scheduling does not imply feasibility with preemptive scheduling (and vice-ver...

BACKGROUND The efficacy of preemptive therapy against cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection remains unknown in treatment-naïve patients with advanced HIV-1 infection in the HAART era. METHODS The subjects of this single-center observation study were 126 treatment-naïve HIV-1 infected patients with positive CMV viremia between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2006. Inclusion criteria were age more t...

Scheduling jobs with pairwise conflicts is modeled by the graph multicoloring problem. It occurs in two versions: in the preemptive case, each vertex may get any set of colors, while in the non-preemptive case, the set of colors assigned to each vertex has to be contiguous. We study these versions of the multicoloring problem on trees, under the sum-of-completiontimes objective. In particular, ...

BACKGROUND Little is known about the targets and expectations of practicing nephrologists with regard to timing of preemptive AV access surgery and how these relate to actual observed practice patterns in clinical care. METHODS We administered a 8-question survey to assess nephrologists' expectations for preemptive vascular access placement to 53 practicing nephrologists in California. We per...

Objectives. To determine whether the initiation of treatment (preemptive treatment) before the symptoms of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) versus when the symptoms begin can improve the outcome in patients at a high risk for recurrence of severe NVP. Study Design. Prospective, randomized controlled trial. Results. Preemptive therapy conferred a significant reduction in HG as compared to ...

This paper investigates the interactions between preemptive competition and leverage. We find that the second mover always leaves the duopoly market before the first mover, although the leader may exit before the follower’s entry. We also see the leverage effects of debt financing increasing firm values and accelerating investment, even in the presence of preemptive competition. In addition to ...

In this paper, we introduce a new concept of semi-preemptive scheduling and we show how it can be used to derive a maximum‡ow based lower bound for the P=rj=Lmax which dominates the well-known preemptive lower bound. We show that, in some cases the proposed bound strictly dominates the preemptive one while having the same complexity.

introduction: several mehods have been proposed to alleviate pain after hysterectomy. pre-emptive analgesia has been used to relieve pain following abdominal hysterectomy with conflicting results. this study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of pre-incision skin infiltration of lidocaine in relieving postoperative pain in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy.  methods: 60 patients wi...