When English is regarded as the lingual franca in global world, learners’ communicative competence emphasized. In China, however, most of L2 willingness to communicate and relatively low. This article focus on how improve Chinese IELTS poor classroom. I mainly use guided strategic planning narrative tasks enhance fluency complexity.

One difficulty with existing theoretical work on HTN planning is that it does not address some of the planning constructs that are commonly used in HTN planners for practical applications. Although such constructs can make it difficult to ensure the soundness and completeness of HTN planning, they are important because they can greatly improve the efficiency of planning in practice. In this pap...

Today, learners’ interaction and collaborative task performance have attracted increasing attention from language teachers and researchers. The present study investigated whether collaborative pre-planning, task complexity manipulation, and language proficiency level play a role in learners’ interactions. To this end, 128 EFL learners from two different language proficiency levels carried out t...

The current study, setting a two-fold goal, attempted to see whether the preemptive focus on form (FonF) under either planned or unplanned conditions could contribute to increasing lexical diversity in written narratives and, second, to find whether there was a trade-off between the lexical diversity and accuracy. To this end, 32 beginner learners were selected following a Quick Oxford Placemen...

a r t i c l e i n f o Keywords: Strategic marketing planning Industrial marketing Fuzzy cognitive map The relevance problem Design science Industrial marketing planning is a typical example of an unstructured decision making problem due to the large number of variables to consider and the uncertainty imposed on those variables. Although abundant studies identified barriers and facilitators of e...

Over the past fteen years a variety of interactive IDA systems have been developed to support strategic reasoning for data analysis. We present an AI framework, hierarchical task network planning, that provides a unifying view of these e orts. We describe a taxonomy of strategic approaches to IDA, based on the planning framework, and discuss the strengths and weaknesses associated with each app...

The shift of emphasis away from written to oral skills has stimulated an incipient concern in second language research to investigate ways of helping second and foreign language learners achieve higher degrees of oral proficiency. Priority solely taken over accuracy, complexity, or fluency of speech might be justifiable with regard to the context in which learning takes place.  Accuracy and com...