The diagnostic and prognostic value of pre-S(1)Ag and pre-S(2)Ab was investigated in 69 HBsAg surface antigen positive patients--14 with acute hepatitis B, 30 with chronic liver disease (six chronic persistent hepatitis, 14 chronic active hepatitis, 10 with cirrhosis) and in 25 asymptomatic carriers. Pre-S(1)Ag was found in all patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection regardless ...

conclusions hbv in children due to vaccination failure was resulted from vertical transmission. hbv pre-s/s gene mutations were prevalent and could occur before or after vaccination. therefore, simply analyzing mutation frequency of hbv gene was not of value. to advance blocking hbv vertical transmission, future studies should focus on specific mutation sites, potentially associated with vaccin...

The hepatitis B virus (HBV) large surface antigen (LHBS) mutant with deletion at the pre-S(2) region accumulates in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and is associated with HBV-induced hepatocellular carcinogenesis. In this study, we found that the pre-S(2) LHBS mutant directly interacts with the Jun activation domain-binding protein 1 (JAB1). Association of pre-S(2) LHBS with JAB1 dissociated JAB1 fr...

conclusions this study indicates that 2.9% of hemodialysis patients had obi, which is considered as a major public health problem worldwide. moreover, we observed three mutations in s region, including t127p, p153l, and f170s, which caused obi. this study is first to report a mutation analysis of hbv in hemodialysis patients in southwestern iran. these results indicate that current screening te...

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an etiological agent of hepatitis B infection. Hepatitis B is a life-threatening disease that affects the liver. The clinical outcomes of the disease are varied from asymptomatic disease to serious complication such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Despite availability of the vaccine and appropriate treatment, hepatitis B infection still remains a majo...

We have found that an I-J+ I-A- antigen-presenting cell (APC) is required for Ts3 activation in vivo. Together with the I-J restriction previously reported for Ts3 induction (Takaoki, M., M.-S. Sy, A. Tominaga, A. Lowy, M. Tsurifiji, B. Benacerraf, R. Finberg, and M. I. Greene, 1982, J. Exp. Med., 156:1325), it appears that this I-J+ APC is responsible for I-J restriction in the triggering of T...

In pre-consonantal position historical /s/ has changed to post-alveolar /ʃ/ in several different languages. This paper explores whether such cases of /s/>/ʃ/ might share a common phonetic origin. We test whether /s/ is more retracted before /t/ in production and in perception. Production data show that word-medial /s/ has a lower first spectral moment (henceforth, M1) before /t/ than before vow...

background and objectives: invasive and non-invasive techniques are used to diagnose h. pylori infection. some factors influence the choice of a diagnostic test, such as the sensitivity and specificity of the tests, the clinical circumstances and the cost-effectiveness of the testing strategy. the aim of this study was to reveal the relationship between different h. pylori infection diagnosis m...

The 'pre-S' parts of the envelope protein of hepatitis B virus (HBV) have been proposed to be involved in the infection of hepatocytes by HBV. In order to facilitate the study of these processes, we have developed an expression system to allow the production and purification of large quantities of the pre-S protein. To obtain a protein containing all of the pre-S sequence and only this sequence...