Sanderson LM, Boekschoten MV, Desvergne B, Müller M, Kersten S. Transcriptional profiling reveals divergent roles of PPAR and PPAR / in regulation of gene expression in mouse liver. Physiol Genomics 41: 42–52, 2010. First published December 15, 2009; doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00127.2009.—Little is known about the role of the transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPA...

Objective—Peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor(PPAR ) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that controls lipid metabolism and inflammation. PPAR is activated by fibrates, hypolipidemic drugs used in the treatment of dyslipidemia. Previous studies assessing the influence of PPAR agonists on atherosclerosis in mice yielded conflicting results, and the implication of PPAR therein has n...

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a family of ligand-activated transcription factors that include PPAR-a, PPAR-g, and PPAR-d. We hypothesized that PPAR expression in blood vessels could be reduced in hypertension to result in increased vascular growth and reduced apoptosis. We investigated the abundance of PPAR-a and PPAR-g in aorta and mesenteric arteries from young (6-we...

Phthalate esters are widely used as plasticizers in the manufacture of products made of polyvinyl chloride. Mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (MEHP) induces rodent hepatocarcinogenesis by a mechanism that involves activation of the nuclear transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR ). MEHP also activates PPAR-gamma (PPAR ), which contributes to adipocyte differentiat...

background : peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (ppar γ) is a transcription factor, which is abundantly expressed in adipose tissue and has a direct link to adiposity. it seems that long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (lc-pufas) can regulate ppar γ expression. the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of n-3lc pufa supplementation on plasma levels of ppar γ and t...

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) are nuclear receptors that regulate gene expression in response to ligand binding. Three PPAR receptor subtypes, namely gamma, alpha and delta (beta), have been identified. The development of PPAR agonist pharmaceuticals for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity is currently an area of great interest. The FDA has recei...

Objectives—Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor / (PPAR / ) is a nuclear receptor found in platelets. PPAR / agonists acutely inhibit platelet function within a few minutes of addition. As platelets are anucleated, the effects of PPAR / agonists on platelets must be nongenomic. Currently, the particular role of PPAR / receptors and their intracellular signaling pathways in platelets are n...

BACKGROUND The nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-δ/β (PPAR-d) is upregulated in human colorectal cancers, but its role in colonic tumorigenesis remains controversial. METHODS We generated a novel mouse model of intestinally targeted PPAR-d overexpression to simulate PPAR-d upregulation in human colon carcinogenesis. Colon-specific PPAR-d overexpression was confirmed ...

Previous findings showed that the anticancer effects of combined γ -tocotrienol and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPAR γ ) antagonist treatment caused a large reduction in PPAR γ expression. However, other studies suggest that the antiproliferative effects of γ -tocotrienol and/or PPAR γ antagonists are mediated, at least in part, through PPAR γ -independent mechanism(s). Studie...

Peroxisome proliferators, which function as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR ) agonists, induce peroxisomal, microsomal, and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation enzymes, in conjunction with peroxisome proliferation, in liver cells. Sustained activation of PPAR leads to the development of liver tumors in rats and mice. The assertion that synthetic PPAR ligands pose negligible carc...