It is common knowledge that the Australian wine industry has enjoyed remarkable success over the past three decades in terms of production and export growth, innovation and reputation for consistent quality. The centralization of resources and infrastructure, as well as the nationally-oriented funding and R&D agendas are usually cited as providing the foundation for this success. Yet in more re...

This paper studies delegation of authority in a setting that combines the incentive view of delegation pioneered by Aghion and Tirole [1997], the informational theory of delegation emphasized by Dessein [2002], the learning possibility put forth by Aghion, Dewatripont, and Rey [2004] and the career concerns literature spawned by Holmström [1999]. I show that the principal may choose delegation ...

Degree centralization is a simple and widely used index of degree distribution concentration in social networks. Conventionally, the centralization score is normalized by the maximum value attainable at the observed order; this results in a measure on the unit interval. Here, exact bounds are provided for degree centralization given density as well as order. It is shown that roughly half of the...

Centralization is a symptom response to repeated movements that can be used to classify patients into sub-groups, determine appropriate management strategies, and prognosis. The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature relating to centralization and directional preference, and specifically report on prevalence, prognostic validity, reliability, loading strategies, and diagn...

The Internet is an extremely convenient network and has become one of the key infrastructures for daily life. However, it suffers from three serious problems; its structure does not suit traffic centralization, its power consumption is rapidly increasing, and its round-trip time (RTT) and delay jitter are large. This paper proposes an extremely energy efficient layer-3 network architecture for ...

in the present article, the author has replaced the concept of “globalization” with “globecomization” and through formulating the concept of “bioculture”. the article attempts to explain novel mechanism and techniques of “power”to manage individuals and the population. the author has defined “bioculture” as a new style of governance through an alloy-like composition of “power, technology and ps...