Observations have been made upon the nature of early and late post-tetanic potentiation and upon post-tetanic block of presynaptic collaterals with particular reference to behavior in circumstances of varied duration and frequency of conditioning stimulation. Early potentiation is most conspicuous following brief tetani at high frequency, late potentiation following long tetani, much lower freq...

background: asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways. the available treatment options have major limitations owing to low efficacy, associated adverse events and compliance issues. therefore, the health burden of bronchial asthma is increasing globally at an alarming rate, providing a strong impetus for the development of new therapeutics. myrica sapida is known traditionally in...

It has been demonstrated that stimulation of protein kinase A (PKA) results in enhanced synaptic transmission in the hippocampus and other brain areas. To investigate mechanisms of the PKA-mediated potentiation of synaptic transmission, we used rat hippocampal embryonic cultures. In low-density cultures, paired recordings under the perforated patch demonstrated that 15-min forskolin treatment p...

Introduction: (S)- 3,5-Dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG) is an agonist for group I metabotropic glutamate receptors. DHPG-induced synaptic depression of excitatory synapses on hippocampal pyramidal neurons is well known model for synaptic plasticity studies. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of DHPG superfusion on excitatory synapses on pyramidal and fast-spiking GABAergic cel...

Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) was shown to produce a long-lasting potentiation of synaptic efficacy in dentate gyrus neurons of the rat hippocampus in vivo. This potentiation was shown to share some similarities with tetanization-induced long-term potentiation (LTP). In the present study, we further examined the mechanism underlying CRF-induced long-lasting potentiation in rat hippocampu...

Long-term synaptic plasticity is a putative mechanism for learning in adults. However, there is little understanding of how synaptic plasticity mechanisms develop or whether their maturation depends on experience. Since inhibitory synapses are particularly malleable to sensory stimulation, long-lasting potentiation of inhibitory synapses was characterized in auditory thalamocortical slices. Int...

Startle potentiation is a well-validated translational measure of negative affect. Startle potentiation is widely used in clinical and affective science, and there are multiple approaches for its quantification. The three most commonly used approaches quantify startle potentiation as the increase in startle response from a neutral to threat condition based on (1) raw potentiation, (2) standardi...

Pneumonia causes short- and long-term cognitive dysfunction in a high proportion of patients, although the mechanism(s) responsible for this effect are unknown. Here, we tested hypothesis that pneumonia-elicited cytotoxic amyloid tau variants: (1) present circulation during infection; (2) lead to impairment potentiation; and, (3) inhibit potentiation dependent upon tau. Cytotoxic species were r...