Because of its relatively low tolerance to elevated temperatures, Macoma balthica (L.) may be one of the first important marine species in temperate coastal areas to suffer from a warming climate. For the last few decades, the abundance of the species in the Dutch Wadden Sea has been seriously declining. At lower latitudes, the southern edge of its range recently shifted several 100s of km to t...

Population Balance Modeling (PBM) is a powerful modeling framework that allows the prediction of dynamics distributed properties population individuals at mesoscale [...]