The endometrium, which is of crucial importance for reproduction, undergoes dynamic cyclic tissue remodeling. Knowledge of its molecular and cellular regulation is poor, primarily owing to a lack of study models. Here, we have established a novel and promising organoid model from both mouse and human endometrium. Dissociated endometrial tissue, embedded in Matrigel under WNT-activating conditio...

BACKGROUND Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an essential role in the innate immune system by initiating and directing immune response to pathogens. TLRs are expressed in the human endometrium and their regulation might be crucial for the pathogenesis of endometrial diseases. METHODS TLR3 and TLR4 expression was investigated during the menstrual cycle and in postmenopausal endometrium consideri...

OBJECTIVE To investigate both clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of small cell carcinoma (SCC) of the endometrium, and to explore the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of the disease. METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on clinicopathological data of a patient with SCC of the endometrium in our hospital, who underwent comprehensive surgery of radical hyste...

Clear cell carcinoma accounts for only 1 to 5.5% of all endometrial carcinomas, and it is often associated with an aggressive clinical behavior and a poor outcome. According to the FIGO Annual Report 2006, 5-year overall survival was 62.5% for patients with this histological type compared with 83.2% for those with endometrioid carcinoma of the endometrium. In contrast to endometrioid carcinoma ...

Epithelial stem/progenitor cells are considered as cancer initiating cells which has been detected in human endometrium, may initiate and progress endometrial carcinoma. Targeting cancer-initiating cells would be necessary to improve cure rates. The relation of endometrial adenocarcinoma and stem cell markers expression has not been reported yet, in spite of ALDH1 expression is frequently alter...

Background Endometriosis is a common gynecological disease characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. This disease affects approximately 10% of women in reproductive age and is associated with pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea and infertility. The theory of involvement of stem cells is a considered new hypothesis in etiology of endometriosis.The aim of this study wa...

Endometrial thickness is defined as the minimal distance between the echogenic interfaces of myometrium and endometrium. An adequate thickness of endometrium is indispensable for embryo implantation [1-4]. The minimum endometrial thickness that may cause a successful implantation is called “threshold thickness”. The endometrium that is thinner than “threshold thickness” is called “thin endometr...

BACKGROUND Thin endometrium is associated with poor reproductive outcomes; estrogen treatment can increase endometrial thickness (EMT). The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to investigate the factors influencing the effectiveness of estrogen treatment and reproductive outcomes after the treatment in patients with thin endometrium. METHODS Relevant clinical data of 101 patients with ...

UNLABELLED In our study we investigated immunohistochemical expression of retinoblastoma protein (pRb) in physiological endometrium (n = 15), hyperplastic endometrium (n = 61) and post-hormone replacement therapy (HRT) endometrium (n = 24). METHODS We performed an immunohistochemical analysis of pRb expression in 100 specimens of human endometrium. RESULTS The average pRb immunoexpression i...