This article deals wifh theories in practice. A policy theory is defined as the fotal of causal and other assumptions underlying a PO/icy. It can be reconsttxted and represented in several ways, for instance by means of causal hypotheses, graphs, goal trees, and decision trees. A combination of these different ways of reconstrl~~tion is possible. The qi~aiity of a policy theory can be evaluated...

in this paper, i attempt to bring together approaches to literacy in theory and in practice, drawing upon various activities i have been involved in over the years–research in iranian villages during the 1970s; linking research and theory to literacy policy, with particular reference to a contribution to the unesco global monitoring report in 2004 and involvement in an ongoing adult literacy tr...