Three patients are described in whom pleural effusion appeared to be a manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis. In each, needle biopsy demonstrated granuIomatous pleural lesions resembling the subcutaneous rheumatoid nodule while extensive studies failed to reveal any evidence of infection or neoplasm. The presence of extremely low fluid sugar concentration is regarded as strongly suggestive of r...

vs interferon (IFN)showed that IFNis superior to ADA, although the difference is small. Therefore, establishing a diagnosis of tuberculosis pleuritis based only on pleural fluid ADA without pleural biopsy findings is still controversial.6 We do not intend to deny the usefulness of pleural fluid ADA for diagnosing tuberculosis pleuritis. Furthermore, we do not insist that pleural fluid INFcan re...

‘Hippocrates’ the father of modern medicine; characterized ‘pleuritis’ by some demarcating features such as chest pain, fever, chills with shivering, dry cough associated breathing difficulties orthopnoea & tachypnoea. Pleuritis can be differentiated into its marked tributaries like sanguineous, bilious, which is a subject to well precised diagnosis avoid forthcoming execrable complications ple...

this study was carried out at the razi institute during 2005-2006 with inspecting 12168 lung tissue of slaughtered sheep and goats at the ziaran abattoir. pneumonia were diagnosed in 282 cases and the affected lung tissue was collected and transferred to the bacteriology and pathology departments for isolating of pasteurella spp. and interpretation of histopathologic lesions. pasteurella multoc...