manure and putreseible garbage are some of the main sources of pathogenic germs in countryside’s. on the other hand, demand for fertilizer and energy increases in rural areas every day. to study potential of cow manure for these requirements a 16,5m3 pilot plant was designed and constructed as fermentation tank near animal husbandry of karaj agriculture faculty. some 260kg cow manure and water ...

Natural-based drugs are the important bioactive substances that have been used for prevention and treatment of diseases. Natural products should be prepared in commercial scale from relevant medicinal plants. Hence, large amounts of the plants have been needed for extraction and isolation of compounds of natural origin. Plant cells technology is the best strategy for the production of the plant...

Plants are now gaining widespread acceptance as a general platform for the large-scale production of recombinant proteins. The first plant-derived recombinant pharmaceutical proteins are reaching the final stages of clinical evaluation, and many more are in the development pipeline. Over the past two years, there have been some notable technological advances in this flourishing area of applied ...

Different methods of urban sewage sludge energy recovery such as burning, gasification, pyrolysis and digestion based on the net energy production efficiency, advantages and disadvantages and complexity of these processes have been investigated in this article. The best method for energy production from sludge was selected among different methods according to energy and the amount of the greenh...

Majority of higher plants are outbreeding, highly heterozygous and undergo a long developmental period before reaching their reproductive stage. Traditional breeding and crosspollinating procedures are both unpredictable and time-consuming. Haploids are plants with a gametophytic chromosome number and doubled haploids are haploids that have undergone chromosome duplication, represent a particul...

The challenge of managing agroecosystems on a landscape scale and the novel structure of soil communities in agroecosystems both provide reason to focus on in-field management practices, including cover crop adoption, reduced tillage, and judicial pesticide use, to promote soil community diversity. Belowground and epigeal arthropods, especially exotic generalist predators, play a significant ro...