Bacterial infection of plants often begins with colonization of the plant surface, followed by entry into the plant through wounds and natural openings (such as stomata), multiplication in the intercellular space (apoplast) of the infected tissues, and dissemination of bacteria to other plants. Historically, most studies assess bacterial infection based on final outcomes of disease and/or patho...

Stomatal closure is affected by various stimuli such as light, atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration, humidity and phytohormones. Our research focuses on phytohormones, specifically: abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene (ET) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) that are responsible for the regulation of several plant processes, especially in guard cell signalling. While several studies show that these three...

Citation: Laxalt AM, García-Mata C and Lamattina L (2016) The Dual Role of Nitric Oxide in Guard Cells: Promoting and Attenuating the ABA and Phospholipid-Derived Signals Leading to the Stomatal Closure. Front. Plant Sci. 7:476. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00476 The Dual Role of Nitric Oxide in Guard Cells: Promoting and Attenuating the ABA and Phospholipid-Derived Signals Leading to the Stomatal Cl...

In this paper, the notion of closure operators of matroids  is generalized to fuzzy setting  which is called $M$-fuzzifying closure operators, and some properties of $M$-fuzzifying closure operators are discussed. The $M$-fuzzifying matroid induced by an $M$-fuzzifying closure operator can induce an $M$-fuzzifying closure operator. Finally, the characterizations of $M$-fuzzifying acyclic matroi...

Changing atmospheric CO2 levels, climate, and air humidity affect plant gas exchange that is controlled by stomata, small pores on plant leaves and stems formed by guard cells. Evolution has shaped the morphology and regulatory mechanisms governing stomatal movements to correspond to the needs of various land plant groups over the past 400 million years. Stomata close in response to the plant h...

The reduction of crop growth and yield in dry areas is largely due to stomatal closure in response to dry soil, which decreases photosynthesis. However, the mechanism that causes stomatal closure in a drying soil is a controversial issue. Experienced and respected plant physiologists around the world have different views about the primary sensor of soil water shortage in plants. The goal of thi...

have attracted considerable attention recently for their antioxidative and antimutagenic activities (Chart 1). Lignans are generally accessible only through multistep syntheses and/or direct isolation from the living plant. Lyoniresinol (1) was isolated via extraction of the Lyonia ovalifolia var. elliptica plant. Compound 1 was also obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of lyoniresinol glucoside wi...

Despite its distance from the active site the flexible amino-terminal segment (NTS) in the β-domain of the plant sesquiterpene cyclase δ-cadinene synthase (DCS) is essential for active site closure and desolvation events during catalysis.