This study used mouse models to investigate the role of LIM homeodomain transcription factor Isl1 in pituitary development. It reveals that has multiple, critical roles gland Pituitary-specific deletion caused hypopituitarism with increased stem cell apoptosis, reduced both differentiation thyrotropes and gonadotropes body size, even promoted development multiple Rathke’s cleft-like cysts.

Wnt signaling is important in organogenesis, and aberrant signaling in mature cells is associated with tumorigenesis. Several members of the Wnt family of signaling molecules are expressed in the developing pituitary gland. Wnt5a is expressed in the neuroectoderm that induces pituitary gland development and has been proposed to influence pituitary cell specification. We discovered that mice def...

The aim of the present study was to obtain standard reference values for the pituitary gland volumes of healthy children and to analyze the potential diagnostic values of pituitary gland volumetry for growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and idiopathic short stature (ISS). The volume of the pituitary gland was measured using a thin-section three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequ...

BACKGROUND Post-surgical evaluation of the pituitary gland in MRI is difficult because of a change of anatomical conditions. It depends also on numerous other factors, including: size and expansion of a tumour before surgery, type of surgical access, quality and volume of filling material used and time of its resorption.The aim of the study was to compare MR image of the pituitary gland after s...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The pituitary gland is located outside of the blood-brain barrier. Dynamic T1 weighted contrast enhanced sequence is considered to be the gold standard to evaluate this region. However, it does not allow assessment of intrinsic permeability properties of the gland. Our aim was to demonstrate the utility of radial volumetric interpolated brain examination with the golden-a...

Although SOX2(+) stem cells are present in the postnatal pituitary gland, how they are regulated molecularly and whether they are required for pituitary functions remain unresolved questions. Using a conditional knockout animal model, here we demonstrate that ablation of the canonical Notch signaling in the embryonic pituitary gland leads to progressive depletion of the SOX2(+) stem cells and h...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE If venous congestion is the primary cause of pituitary gland enlargement in cases of dural arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs), other abnormal pituitary findings may be detectable on MR images. We sought to investigate the perfusion abnormality of the pituitary gland secondary to dural AVFs in the cavernous sinus and to clarify its clinical importance. METHODS Nine consecutiv...

PURPOSE To evaluate treatment-related changes in pituitary gland morphology after childhood cancer and to compare these findings with growth data. METHODS Forty-three survivors of childhood cancer were evaluated by cranial MR imaging. Twenty-nine of the patients had received radiation therapy to the hypothalamic-pituitary axis with doses of 10 to 46 Gy. The height of the pituitary gland was m...

Panhypopituitarism occurs as a result of the insufficiency all hormones produced in anterior pituitary gland. Pituitary Stalk Interruption Syndrome (PSIS) is rare congenital syndrome leading to hypopituitarism. The should be evaluated patients with signs and symptoms hormone magnetic resonance imaging performed for etiology. Although PSIS cause hypopituitarism, it must treated replacement insuf...