The phytohormone auxin plays a major role in embryonic and postembryonic plant development. The temporal and spatial distribution of auxin largely depends on the subcellular polar localization of members of the PIN-FORMED (PIN) auxin efflux carrier family. The Ser/Thr protein kinase PINOID (PID) catalyzes PIN phosphorylation and crucially contributes to the regulation of apical-basal PIN polari...

STUDY DESIGN A retrospective analysis of halo device associated morbidity over a 4-year period. PURPOSE To assess the impact of a new pin care regimen on halo pin site related morbidity. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE Halo orthosis treatment still has a role in cervical spine pathology, despite increasing possibilities of open surgical treatment. Published figures for pin site infection range from ...

This study was undertaken to demonstrate capabilities of the pin-by-pin model used by the BARS code and to understand various effects of intra-assembly pin-by-pin representation of fuel power, bumup and temperature in calculational analysis of light water reactor rod ejection accidents (LWR REAs). Effects of pin-by-pin fuel power and bumup representation were investigated on the basis of calcul...

Regnase-1 is an RNase that directly cleaves mRNAs of inflammatory genes such as IL-6 and IL-12p40, and negatively regulates cellular inflammatory responses. Here, we report the structures of four domains of Regnase-1 from Mus musculus-the N-terminal domain (NTD), PilT N-terminus like (PIN) domain, zinc finger (ZF) domain and C-terminal domain (CTD). The PIN domain harbors the RNase catalytic ce...

OBJECTIVE To assess the magnitude and causes of over-diagnosis of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), as large differences are reported in the incidence of high-grade PIN, probably because of the variance in diagnosis and interpretation. PATIENTS AND METHODS Two urological pathologists prospectively reviewed 251 consecutive patients, received in consultation and who were diagnosed and ...

Plant development displays an exceptional plasticity and adaptability that involves the dynamic, asymmetric distribution of the phytohormone auxin. Polar auxin flow, which requires polarly localized transport facilitators of the PIN family, largely contributes to the establishment and maintenance of the auxin gradients. Functionally overlapping action of PIN proteins mediates multiple developme...