Melasma is commonest among hyperpigmantation diseases which presents as irregularly shaped, but often distinctly defined blotches of light to dark-brown pigmentation. It a very common chronic disorder usually seen in women childbearing age frustrating condition the women. There are 12.3% 19.4% world population suffering with this problem. Vyanga one kshudra roga and explained by Acharya Sushrut...

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is an autosomal dominant hamartomatous polyposis of the gastrointestinal tract, with pigmentation around lips, the buccal mucosa, and anal area. Patients have a strong family history. Patients of PJS present with abdominal pain, blood in stools, and occasionally melena because of polyps, along with classical mucocutaneous pigmentation. Very rarely a sporadic case of...

Background: Cigarette smoking is a significant risk factor for periodontal disease. It also causes pigmentation of oral mucosa. The present study was aimed to assess the effects of smoking on lip and gingival pigmentation and periodontal status and the relationship between pigmentation and periodontal parameters. Methods: A total of 109 smokers and an equal number of non-smoker controls (mean a...

OBJECTIVE Griscelli syndrome (GS) is a rare autosomal recessive immune deficiency disorder that presents with pigmentary dilution of the skin and hair, recurrent skin and pulmonary infections, neurologic problems, hypogammaglobulinemia, and variable cellular immunodeficiency. Three mutations have been described in different phenotypes of the disease. In most of cases, GS leads to death in the f...

Dyskeratosis Congenita is a severe disorder that involves several systems in the human body and well-known for its transmission hereditarily through generations. The triad of a) reticular atrophy skin with pigmentation b) dystrophy nails c) leukoplakia oral mucosa characterises this uncommon disorder, which most commonly affects men. One key reasons premature death disease malignant transformat...