The low-lying excited singlet states of the keto, enol, and keto-imine tautomers of cytosine have been investigated employing a combined density functional/multireference configuration interaction (DFT/MRCI) method. Unconstrained geometry optimizations have yielded out-of-plain distorted structures of the pi --> pi and n --> pi excited states of all cytosine forms. For the keto tautomer, the DF...

We discuss a nonlinear model for the relaxation by energy redistribution within an isolated, closed system composed of non-interacting identical particles with energy levels ei with i = 1, 2, . . . , N . The time-dependent occupation probabilities pi(t) are assumed to obey the nonlinear rate equations τ dpi/dt = −pi ln pi − α(t) pi − β(t) eipi where α(t) and β(t) are functionals of the pi(t)’s ...

in recent years, there has been a fast growth in wind energy conversion system (wecs). there are two general types of wind turbines in wecs: fixed speed wind turbines and varying speed wind turbines.permanent magnet synchronous generator (pmsg) is one of the most attractive generators for the varying speed turbine wecs.in this paper, a fuzzy controller is proposed to control the current source ...

Phosphorus (P) is one of the most vital elements for all living organisms which acts as aconstituent of essential biomolecules such as nucleic acids, phospholipids, and phosphosugars,and as a major contributor to almost all metabolic reactions including photosynthesis,respiration, and energy delivery. It is one of the most needed nutrients for plant growth anddevelopment. Despite high levels of...

phosphorus (p) is one of the most vital elements for all living organisms which acts as aconstituent of essential biomolecules such as nucleic acids, phospholipids, and phosphosugars,and as a major contributor to almost all metabolic reactions including photosynthesis,respiration, and energy delivery. it is one of the most needed nutrients for plant growth anddevelopment. despite high levels of...

The Rockefeller University Press $30.00 J. Cell Biol. Vol. 185 No. 5 917–928 www.jcb.org/cgi/doi/10.1083/jcb.200903020 JCB 917 Correspondence to Sergio Grinstein: [email protected] Abbreviations used in this paper: FRET, fluorescence resonance energy transfer; LUV, large unilamellar vesicle; mRFP, monomeric RFP; PA, phosphatidic acid; PC, phosphatidylcholine; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; PI, pho...

The nonadiabatic photochemistry of the guanine molecule (2-amino-6-oxopurine) and some of its tautomers has been studied by means of the high-level theoretical ab initio quantum chemistry methods CASSCF and CASPT2. Accurate computations, based by the first time on minimum energy reaction paths, states minima, transition states, reaction barriers, and conical intersections on the potential energ...