Clouds and their associated shadows are major obstacles to most land surface remote sensing applications. Meanwhile, solar-cloud-satellite geometry (SCSG) makes the effect of clouds and shadows on derived land surface biophysical parameters more complicated. However, in most existing studies, the SCSG effect has been frequently neglected although it is pointed out by many works that SCSG effect...

Winner-take-all careers are created through cumulative advantage. Once a player gains a small advantage over other equally skilled players, it snowballs over time. This phenomenon, coined the “Matthew effect” by sociologist Robert Merton, is part of the reason why the rich get richer while the poor get poorer. Merton first described his findings while demonstrating that the more reputed scienti...

Our paper examines calendar effects in Chinese stock market, particularly monthly and daily effects. Using individual stock returns, we observe the change of the calendar effect over time. In Shanghai and Shenzhen, the yearend effect was strong in 1991 – but disappeared later. As the Chinese year-end is in February, the highest returns can be achieved in March and April. Studying daily effects,...

We search for the lowest-energy structure of XAu4 (X = C, Si, Ge, Sn) clusters and calculate the photoelectron spectrum for the lowest-energy isomer of each species. The gradual destabilization of the tetrahedral geometry from C → Si → Ge → Sn, as well as the structural transition from the tetrahedral to the square planar geometry from SiAu4 to GeAu4, indicate that the change of electronic prop...

Graphene's unique optoelectronic properties are promising to realize photodetectors with ultrafast photoresponse over a wide spectral range from far-infrared to ultraviolet radiation. The underlying mechanism of the photoresponse has been a particular focus of recent work and was found to be either photoelectric or photo-thermoelectric in nature and enhanced by hot carrier effects. Graphene sup...

We calculate the long-range Vanderwaals force and the photoelectric cross section in a noncommutative set up. While we argue that non-commutativity effects could not be discerned for the Vanderwaals interactions, the result for the photoelectric effect shows deviation from the usual commutative one, which in principle can be used to put bounds on the space-space non-commutativity parameter.