BACKGROUND Patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and acute lung injury (ALI) have low concentrations of disaturated-phosphatidylcholine and surfactant protein-B in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. No information is available on their turnover. OBJECTIVES To analyze disaturated-phosphatidylcholine and surfactant protein-B turnover in patients with ARDS/ALI and in human adults w...

The goal of this study was to assess the relative importance of the axonal synthesis of phosphatidylcholine for neurite growth using rat sympathetic neurons maintained in compartmented culture dishes. In a double-labeling experiment [14C]choline was added to compartments that contained only distal axons and [3H]choline was added to compartments that contained cell bodies and proximal axons. The...

We have measured turnover times for alveolar surfactant phosphatidylcholine in rabbits at 3 and 10 days of age and in adult rabbits. To generate accurate estimates of the turnover time of surfactant phosphatidylcholine from lamellar bodies into the alveolar space, large numbers of rabbits at each age were injected with radiolabeled choline, palmitic acid, and phosphate. Phosphatidylcholine was ...

Phosphatidylcholine, the major phospholipid of very low density lipoproteins, is packaged with triglyceride in the Golgi cisternae. CTP-phosphocholine cytidyltransferase and CDP-choline phosphotransferase activities of Golgi subfractions were higher than those of rough or smooth microsomes measured under the same conditions, indicating that phosphatidylcholine synthesis can occur in Golgi membr...

We have investigated the effects of apoproteins on cholesterol esterase (CEase) in rat adrenal glands in order to clarify the mechanism of synthesis of free cholesterol which is the most important substrate for steroidogenesis. We prepared lipid mixtures containing cholesteryl oleate plus apoproteins with and without phosphatidylcholine as a substrate for CEase in order to investigate the effec...

A simple, rapid, inexpensive method for isolating disaturated phosphatidylcholine from adult rat lung has been devised. Total lipids are reacted with osmium tetroxide dissolved in carbon tetrachloride, and the disaturated phosphatidylcholine is isolated on a column of neutral alumina. More than 99% of the fatty acids in the phosphatidylcholine fraction are saturated and 94% of this material mig...

The interaction of pig heart AMP deaminase with different chemical species of phosphatidylcholine and with natural plasma membranes has been investigated. Phospholipids added to the system either as natural biological membranes (plasma membrane vesicles) or in the form of liposomes containing unsaturated phosphatidylcholine considerably enhanced AMP deaminase activity. The secondary structure o...

Biliary lipids, composed of bile acids, cholesterol, and phosphatidylcholine, are a major source of luminal lipid in the small intestine. In the present study in a newborn swine intestinal epithelial cell line (IPEC-1), taurocholate and phosphatidylcholine were found to have no effect on apolipoprotein B (apo B) secretion but did significantly increase the basolateral secretion of apo A-I. This...

A previous report from this laboratory demonstrated that the majority of phosphatidylcholine in hamster heart was formed from choline via the CDP-choline pathway (Zelinski, T. A., Savard, J. D., Man, R. Y. K., and Choy, P. C. (1980) J. Biol. Chem. 255, 11423-11428). In this study, phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis in myopathic hamster hearts was compared with date-matched controls. Upon perfusio...