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To attempt to measure trends over time seems a perfectly natural thing to do. It is a common activity, for example, when studying mortality rates, heights of children, or economic indicators such as the retail price index. In education the popular notion of "standards" is often linked closely to questions about changes in attainment or achievement over time. The Assessment of Performance Unit (...

For one-dimensional p-Laplacian with weights in Lγ : L 0, 1 ,R 1 ≤ γ ≤ ∞ balls, we are interested in the extremal values of the mth positive half-eigenvalues associated with Dirichlet, Neumann, and generalized periodic boundary conditions, respectively. It will be shown that the extremal value problems for half-eigenvalues are equivalent to those for eigenvalues, and all these extremal values a...

Immersing a physical system in a heat bath results in the fields acquiring different properties according to their statistics. E.g., finite-temperature bosonic fields obey periodic boundary conditions, while fermionic fields satisfy antiperiodic b.c.’s. Such a distinction can be seen also at the level of the Green’s functions. Depending on the field’s statistics, thermal propagators obey either...

The Cauchy problem for the 2D Boussinesq system with periodic boundary conditions is studied. The global existence and uniqueness of a solution with initial data (u(0), θ(0)) ∈ Φ(α) is established, where Φ(α) is the space of functions the kth Fourier coefficients of which decay at infinity as 1 |k|α , α > 2. It is proved that the solution becomes analytic at any positive time. Bibliography: 10 ...

After a brief summary of Tauberian conditions for ordinary sequences of numbers, we consider summability of double sequences of real or complex numbers by weighted meanmethods which are not necessarily products of related weighted mean methods in one variable. Our goal is to obtain Tauberian conditions under which convergence of a double sequence follows from its summability, where convergence ...

We consider the one-dimensional Willmore equation subject to Navier boundary conditions, i.e. the position and the curvature are prescribed on the boundary. In a previous work, explicit symmetric solutions to symmetric data have been constructed. Within a certain range of boundary curvatures one has precisely two symmetric solutions while for boundary curvatures outside the closure of this rang...

We have simulated a system of classical particles confined on the surface of a sphere interacting with a repulsive r potential. The same system simulated on a plane with periodic boundary conditions has van der Waals loops in pressure-density plots which are usually interpreted as evidence for a first order melting transition, but on the sphere such loops are absent. We also investigated the st...