Numerous microorganisms accumulate polyesters classified as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) as carbon and energy storage material when the growth condition is unfavorable in the presence of excess carbon source. Natural PHAs typically consist of various (R)-hydroxycarboxylic acids, and exhibit different material properties depending on the monomer composition. Such diversity comes from different m...

Some of the polyhalogenated aromatic compounds (PHAs) which are able to produce porphyria are presently known as environmental contaminants. Chronic exposure to PHAs causes hepatic porphyria in different species. Qualitatively PBBs act comparable to PHAs. An increase in accumulation of porphyrins caused by PHAs is not simply related to an increase of delta-ALAS activity in liver. Heme cannot ex...

The biosynthesis of poly-(3-hydroxyalkanoates) (PHAs) by Pseudomonas guezennei using glucose and/or fatty acids with chain-length from 3 to 18 carbon atoms as carbon sources was investigated. Glucose, acetate, pyruvate, propionate, valerate, hexanoate, heptanoate, octanoate, decanoate, and oleic acid were supplemented in the mineral medium as the sole carbon source or as a mixture for PHAs accu...

The microbially derived polyhydroxyalkanoates biopolymers could impact the global climate scenario by replacing the conventional non-degradable, petrochemical-based polymer. The biogenesis, characterization and properties of PHAs by Bacillus species using renewable substrates have been elaborated by many for their wide applications. On the other hand Bacillus species are advantageous over other...

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) serve numerous bacteria as storage compounds. It is generally believed that under unbalanced growth conditions, n-hydroxyalkanoates are synthesized inside the bacterial cells, polymerized to polyesters, and densely packed in granules. In the absence of extracellular carbon, the internally stored PHAs are depolymerized and consequently metabolized to enable cell main...

We present the findings of a cognitive walkthrough inspection on three Personal Health Applications (PHAs). Two of the PHAs, Google Health and Microsoft HealthVault, are general purpose PHAs that are freely available to the general public. The last PHA, Colorado Care Tablet, is a prototype PHA that was designed specifically for older adults to manage their medication information. Older adults n...

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), a class of renewable and biodegradable green polymers, have gained attraction as a potential substitute for the conventional plastics due to the increasing concern towards environmental pollution as well as the rapidly depleting petroleum reserve. Nevertheless, the high cost of downstream processing of PHA has been a bottleneck for the wide adoption of PHAs. Among ...

BACKGROUND About 75% of people living with HIV/AIDS (PHAs) who need antiretroviral therapy have no access to these drugs in low-income countries. OBJECTIVE To investigate the barriers to use of ART in Rakai district of Uganda. METHODS We interviewed 38 key informants and 384 PHAs. Data was collected on: education/mobilization for ART, sources of information for ART, beliefs regarding ART, s...

Stigmatization contributes to inequity by marginalizing persons living with HIV and AIDS (PHAs). In this study we examined the stigmatizing practices in health care settings from the perspectives of PHAs and health care providers (HCPs). A qualitative design, using a participatory action research approach, was used. Interviews and focus groups were completed with 16 aboriginal and 17 nonaborigi...

Introduction. This study investigated whether rural people with HIV/AIDS (PHAs) exchanged information with their peers, and why they valued this process. Method. In-depth interviews and personal social network solicitation were conducted with 34 rural-dwelling PHAs in Canada. Analysis. Personal networks were analyzed statistically. Interview transcripts were coded using the constant comparison ...