Background: The purpose of this study is to fabricate inexpensive in-house low cost homogeneous and heterogeneous human equivalent thorax phantom and assess the dose accuracy of the Treatment Planning Systems (TPS) calculated values for different lung treatment dosimetery. It is compared with Thermoluminescent Dosimeter (TLD) measurement. Materials and Methods: Homogeneous and heterogeneous tho...

BACKGROUND A tissue-mimicking phantom that accurately represents human-tissue properties is important for safety testing and for validating new imaging techniques. To achieve a variety of desired human-tissue properties, we have fabricated and tested several variations of gelatin phantoms. These phantoms are simple to manufacture and have properties in the same order of magnitude as those of so...

Phantoms for radiation dosimetry, including physical phantoms for radiological use in medicine in particular, were introduced as early as the 1910s [1] while those for radiation protection dosimetry started to evolve in the late 1950s. This innovation was driven partly from the consensus that dose quantity for protection purposes should be assessed in “receptor conditions” instead of the tradit...

How do selective and constructive visual mechanisms interact to determine the outcome of conscious perception? Binocular rivalry involves selective perception of one of two competing monocular images, whereas visual phantoms involve perceptual filling-in between two low-contrast collinear gratings. Recently, we showed that visual phantoms lead to neural filling-in of activity in V1 and V2, whic...

This paper deals with the CT scanner images quality control, which is an important part of the quality control process of the CT scanner, which consists of making measurement in images of dedicated phantoms. Standard methods consist of scan explorations of phantoms that contain different specific patterns . These methods rely on manual measurements with graphics tools in corresponding images (d...

Optical devices for measuring protoporphryin IX (PpIX) fluorescence in tissue are routinely validated by measurements in optical phantoms. Yet there exists limited data to form a consensus on the recipe for phantoms that both mimic the optical properties found in tissue and yield a reliable and stable relationship between PpIX concentration and the fluorescence remission intensity. This study c...

Various models of anthropomorphic phantoms have been developed in the past decades for usage in Monte Carlo simulation for radiation protection and other medical physics applications; they adopt two alternative approaches, either modelling the body components through analytical geometrical representations or through voxelized geometries. An original system has been developed associated with the...

Tissue simulating phantoms can provide a valuable platform for quantitative evaluation of the performance of diffuse optical devices. While solid phantoms have been developed for applications related to characterizing exogenous fluorescence and intrinsic chromophores such as hemoglobin and melanin, we report the development of a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) tissue phantom that mimics the spect...

Introduction Based on Task Group No. 43 (TG-43U1) recommendations, water phantom is proposed as a reference phantom for the dosimetry of brachytherapy sources. The experimental determination of TG-43 parameters is usually performed in water-equivalent solid phantoms. The purpose of this study was to determine the conversion factors for equalizing solid phantoms to water. Materials and Methods T...

We report on a non-contact method to quantitatively determine blood volume fractions in turbid media by reflectance spectroscopy in the VIS/NIR spectral wavelength range. This method will be used for spectral analysis of tissue with large absorption coefficients and assist in age determination of bruises and bloodstains. First, a phantom set was constructed to determine the effective photon pat...