We apply new bilevel and trilevel optimization models to make critical infrastructure more resilient against terrorist attacks. Each model features an intelligent attacker (terrorists) and a defender (us), information transparency, and sequential actions by attacker and defender. We illustrate with examples of the US Strategic Petroleum Reserve, the US Border Patrol at Yuma, Arizona, and an ele...

Additives in the petroleum industry have helped form an efficient system in the past few decades. Nowadays, the development of oil and gas has been facing more adverse conditions, and smart response microcapsules with the abilities of self-healing, and delayed and targeted release are introduced to eliminate obstacles for further exploration in the petroleum industry. However, limited informati...

Determining the complete molecular composition of petroleum and its refined products is not feasible with current analytical techniques because of the astronomical number of molecular components. Modeling the composition and behavior of such complex mixtures in refinery processes has accordingly evolved along a simplifying concept called lumping. Lumping reduces the complexity of the problem to...

the purpose of this study was to map the structure of scientific outputs of petroleum field in science citation index (sci) accessible via web of science (wos) during 1990 to 2011 and determine the position of iran. the used research methods were citation analysis and historiography. the results showed that there were totally 26859 records indexed in the petroleum discipline during 1990-2011 in...

petroleum upstream service contracts possess different aspects of legal, contractual, fiscal, economic, technical and environmental nature. in this research, efforts have been made to review one of the aspects of the petroleum upstream contracts which have been far too little considered, namely the fiscal system of upstream service contracts. since every service contract possesses its own indep...

Dryer system is a controlled plant which is normally used in chemical industry. The proper modeling of this system facilitates its maintenance and keeping. Normally this is not an easy task, unless having a complete model of the process, due to sudden and nonlinear events. In this paper the linear identification of dryer plant in Arak petroleum, is introduced according to the Autoregressive wit...

Ontology is a comprehensive knowledge model which enables the developer to practice a “higher” level of reuse of knowledge. Typically, different modeling languages are employed in different phases of software development of a knowledge-based system. In order to achieve knowledge instead of software reuse, we propose forging a closer mapping between the knowledge and software models in the devel...