THE colours and forms of moths and butterflies have inspired artists and poets for centuries. One of the oldest industries to evolve from insects is sericulture, or silk production. According to Confucius' records, silk was discovered in the third millennium B.C. in China. The Chinese held a monopoly over silk to the extent that anyone attempting to export silk came under the death sentence by ...

This paper reviews the different models commonly used in understanding Herodotus’evidence on Achaemenid Persian empire. It suggests that these approaches—for example, assessment of Herodotus’accuracy, level his knowledge, or sympathy for Persians—systematically underestimate complexity (and Greeks’) perspective empire: conflicted a participant rather than just detached observer.

The spice route is the that trade passes from its home country, Maluku Islands in particular, and Archipelago general to other countries world. thought have existed for several centuries BC. stretches Islands/Nusantara Malaya, India, Persia, Arabia, Egypt, Europe. Arabs took part Persians, Indians, Malays, Chinese. When embraced Islam followed by Persians they passed controlled route. Since fir...

THE Jewish population of Israel is notable for its heterogeneous composition. Being an outcome of a mass immigration of Jews from all parts of the world, -mainly since the establishment of the State on May 15, 1948, it represents very different anthropological and genetical groups of the Jewish people. In this study the Jewish population of Israel is divided into two groups *(European and orien...

feasts and festivals are ceremonies held by various peoples and nations in order to put on display their indigenous and unique cultures. persian peoples, too, have their own unique and peculiar customs while celebrating norooz festival, just like arabs who observe their own festivities during eid al-fitr and eid al-adha or the beginning of the lunar calendar or year; and so do christians, jews,...

A survey of diverse aspects the reception, attitudes toward, and activities foreigners in major cuneiform cultures third through first millennia B.C.E. While outsiders could play important roles their new environments, they were generally soon assimilated into host societies without effecting significant changes them. Only toward close this period did arrival large groups invaders convinced sup...