Neonates with severe but reversible pulmonary disease may require therapy beyond conventional ventilatory care. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) serves as a temporary artificial lung for such infants. Since anticoagulation with systemic heparin is required in the extracorporeal circuit, antecedent hemorrhage may be exacerbated or new hemorrhage precipitated in ECMO patients. While the...

OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical course, neonatal morbidity, and neurodevelopmental outcomes of very low-birth-weight (<1500 g) children who develop pulmonary hemorrhage. DESIGN A retrospective case-control study in which 58 very low-birth-weight infants who developed pulmonary hemorrhage during 1990 through 1994, of whom 29 survived, were each matched to the next admitted infant who requir...

Germinal matrix–intraventricular hemorrhage (GMH-IVH) is a common and characteristic form of intracranial hemorrhage occurring in the premature infant. The hemorrhage originates in small blood vessels in the subependymal germinal matrix (also termed the ganglionic eminence) and may disrupt the ependymal lining and extend into the lateral ventricle. Severe IVH consists of large amounts of intrav...

The goal of this study was to elucidate the association between the development of periventricular white matter lucency and autoregulation of cerebral blood flow in hypertensive patients through the arteriovenous oxygen saturation difference method. We studied 51 hypertensive patients who had previously suffered from minor strokes (lacunar infarction, 43; deep basal minor hemorrhage, 8). Patien...

Over the past several decades, neuroscientists have become progressively aware of a group of cerebrovascular diseases in which the deep structures of the cerebrum are affected in preference to the cortex. Examples include subcortical dementia, subcortical infarction, intracerebral hemorrhage, and neonatal germinal matrix/intraventricular hemorrhage. To understand the pathogenesis of the disease...