T he clinician is often confronted with the problem of treating an extensive periapical lesion which may be cystic as a result of pulpal pathosis. Surgical management by curettement and/or apical resection has usually been the accepted procedure for such lesions. However, in cases in which extensive periapical lesions are visualized on the roentgenograms, a surgical approach can create complica...

This case study reports the successful treatment of an immature upper premolar with periapical pathosis and sinus tract using revascularization technique. Clinical and radiographic examination demonstrated the recovery of vitality, continued root development, and periapical healing at the 7-month follow-up. In addition, severe calcification of the canal was noted at the 36-month follow-up. At t...

Ameloblastoma is a benign tumor; whose importance lies in its potential to grow to enormous size with resulting bone deformity. Unicystic ameloblastoma (UA) is a less encountered variant of amelobastoma. The neoplastic nature of the lesion becomes evident only when the enucleated material is available for histologic examination. Although its predilection is for the posterior mandibular region, ...

Focal cemento-osseous dysplasia (FCOD) is a benign fibroosseous condition that can be seen in dentulous and edentulous patients. It is an asymptomatic lesion and needs no treatment; however, follow-up is essential due to the possibility that it can progress to a condition called florid cemento-osseous dysplasia. Clinically, the lesion resembles periapical pathosis of odontogenic origin. FCOD is...

To be able to determine if endodontic treatment of apical pathosis is successful or not, healing of lesions is followed up by radiographic imaging. This can be done by observing changes in apical radiolucencies. Recently, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) has been introduced as a method of gaining an unabridged view of dental anatomy, thus eliminating some of the most prevalent problems, suc...

Biofilms and microbial aggregates are the common mechanisms for the survival of bacteria in nature. In other words, the ability to form biofilms has been regarded as a virulence factor. Microbial biofilms play an essential role in several infectious diseases such as pulp and periradicular pathosis. The aim of this article was to review the adaptation mechanisms of biofilms, their roles in pulpa...

In the present study, possibility of non-surgical endodontic re-treatment for correction of symptomatic endodontic failure with and without periradicular pathosis was evaluated both clinically and radiologically. The main objective of this study was also to assess, verify and establish the non-surgical re-treatment method as primary approach to resolve endodontic failures irrespective of sex. A...

Preservation of a patient’s natural dentition remains an important outcome in securing oral health. Dentists and patients are facing a perplexity between saving a compromised tooth through endodontic treatment, retreatment or extraction. Though success rates of endodontic initial treatment have been improving over the years, persistence of periapical disease is far from being a rare condition. ...

The etiologies and mechanisms of implant failure are multifactorial. Implant periapical lesion (IPL) is one possible cause of implant failure. IPL is an infectious-inflammatory alterations surrounding an implant apex. The diagnosis is based on the clinical manifestations and radiological findings, where a radiolucent lesion can be seen in the periapical area. It is apparent that IPL has a multi...