Tough anti-terrorism policies are often defended by focusing on a …xed minority of the population who prefer violent outcomes, and arguing that toughness reduces the risk of terrorism from this group. This reasoning implicitly assumes that tough policies do not increase the group of ‘potential terrorists’, i.e., of people with violent preferences. Preferences and their level of violence are tre...

Cyber Crimes are increasing day by day and are posing a great threat to internet users. This paper discusses the Cyber crime, its nature and types. Various tools and techniques used for cyber crime are evaluated in this paper. The paper also discusses cyber related laws under Indian Penal Code and their application to the cyber offences. With the discussion of cyber crimes, this paper proposes ...

While the subject of populism receives increasing scholarly attention from both political scientists and criminologists, so far these two bodies literature have existed mostly in isolation each other. This paper aims to connect them by investigating whether parties that describe as populist are likely evince positions on criminal justice criminologists populist. Relying a secondary data analysi...

In the present context of ‘get tough on crime’ and ‘back to criminal justice’ campaigns that continue to dominate political agendas throughout Australia, critics point to the inadequacy of ‘welfarist’ or reformist criminological and sociological theories that have informed interventions in the past, and reinforce the need for ‘retributive justice’ models of penal policy. This paper examines his...

Speed and Mannion make a good case that the rise of populism poses significant challenges for health policy. This commentary suggests that the link between populism and health policy should be further nuanced in four ways. First, a deconstruction of the term populism itself and a focus on the far right dimension of populist politics; second, a focus on the supply side and more specifically the ...

We show that rectilinear graph drawing, the core problem of bendminimum orthogonal graph drawing, and uniform edge-length drawing, the core problem of force-directed placement, are NP-hard even for embedded paths if subjected to orthogonal-ordering constraints. Submitted: June 2010 Reviewed: April 2011 Revised: September 2012 Accepted: November 2012 Final: December 2012 Published: January 2013 ...