C ongenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the most common inborn defects, occurring in 0.5-1.2% of newborns. Increasing numbers of affected infants now survive into adulthood, which is a estament to the major advances in surgical technique, post-operative are, and medical treatment. The number of adults with CHD in the U.S. as reached 800,000, and this number will undoubtedly continue to row wi...

AIM To extend our previously-published experience in estimating pressure gradients (PG) via physical examination in a large patient cohort. METHODS From January 1, 1997 through December 31, 2009, an attending pediatric cardiologist compared clinical examination (EXAM) with Doppler-echo (ECHO), in 1193 patients with pulmonic stenosis (PS, including tetralogy of Fallot), aortic stenosis (AS), a...

Pediatric Cardiac catheterization is considered one of the most diagnostic and interventional procedures available to cardiologist. Catheterization has decreased morbidity mortality for cardiovascular defects, this invasive process not free complications. The study's objective assess nurse's knowledge practices regarding pediatric cardiac catheterization. Descriptive -analytical designs are use...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is quite common in the general pediatric population, Its incidence is thought to be even higher in the population of patients with congenital heart disease, especially in those patients with complex disease and who have had cardiac surgical interventions early in life. There has been controversy as to the safety of ADHD medicatio...

BACKGROUND A growing number of adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) pose a particular challenge for health care systems across the world. Upon turning into 18 years, under the German national health care system, ACHD patients are required to switch from a pediatric to an adult cardiologist or an ACHD-certified provider. To date, reliable data investigating the treatment situation of ACHD...

A twenty-three-year-old male truck driver with a 12-pack year smoking history and no previous of hospitalization was admitted to the “Shefqet Ndroqi” University Hospital pulmonology department after cardiologist consultation where he diagnosed pulmonary hypertension. Two patient’s uncles from his mother’s side died during their pediatric age congenital heart defects. contrast-enhanced chest com...

OBJECTIVE Echocardiography can be a rapid, noninvasive, objective tool in the assessment of ventricular function and preload during resuscitation of a critically ill or injured child. We sought to determine the accuracy of bedside limited echocardiography by the emergency physician (BLEEP) in estimation of (1) left ventricular function (LVF) and (2) inferior vena cava (IVC) volume, as an indire...