OBJECTIVE In this longitudinal study, we monitored two large groups of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and healthy controls (HC) for 2 years, with the aim of comparing their neuropsychological profile over time. METHOD Three hundred and twenty-two patients with MS and 303 HC were administered the Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological tests (BRB-N); neuropsychiatric measures were als...

BACKGROUND Cognitive dysfunction occurs at the earliest stages of multiple sclerosis (MS), including the stage of clinically isolated syndrome (CIS). METHODS We evaluated the impact of interferon beta-1b (IFNβ-1b) 250 µg on cognitive performance during the CIS stage in the BENEFITstudy. Cognition was assessed by Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test-3" (PASAT-3") scores. RESULTS Improvement i...

The integration of physiological monitoring into the human–machine interface holds great promise both for real-time assessment of operator status and for providing a mean to allocate tasks between machines and humans based on the operator status. Our group, aiming to provide a new human-machine interface to improve traffic safety using brain signals, has conducted a number of researches for the...

Background and objectives: The tendency to engage in impulsive behaviors when distressed is linked to engagement in disordered eating. The current study comprehensively examines emotional responding to a distress tolerance task by utilizing self-report and psychophysiological measures (respiratory sinus arrhythmia [RSA], skin conductance responses [SCRs] and tonic skin conductance levels [SCLs]...

Background: The paced auditory serial addition test (PASAT) was primarily developed to assess the effects of traumatic brain injury on cognitive functioning. Working memory (WM) is one of the most important aspects of cognitive function, and WM impairment is one of the clinically remarkable signs of aphasia. To develop the Persian version of PASAT, an initial version was used in individuals wit...

Introduction: The aim of this study was to examine differences diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measures between healthy subjects on the one hand and mildly and moderately affected Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients on the other hand. In addition, the relationship between the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) tests of cognitive decline and micro-structural white matter breakdown, as asses...

Background Fire service workers often implement multiple duties in the emergency conditions, with such duties being mostly conducted in various ambient temperatures. Methods The aim of the current study was to assess the firefighters' physiological responses, information processing, and working memory prior to and following simulated firefighting activities in three different hot environments...

This study investigated the role of heading recency interacting with heading frequency in determining neuropsychological deficits associated with heading the ball during soccer play. Sixty-four high-ability male soccer players ages 16 to 34 completed the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT), the Trailmaking Test, the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT), the Facial Recognition Test, th...

BACKGROUND Attention deficits are common post stroke and result in poorer functional outcomes. This study examined the frequency of attention deficits after incident stroke and their correlates. METHOD Attention of 94 stroke survivors was assessed using the Bells test, Trails Making Test A/B, 2.4- and 2.0-second trials of the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT), and Integrated Auditor...

AIMS To explore the involvement of a distraction task in involuntary reflex pelvic floor muscle contraction following cough. METHODS Informed consent was obtained from 33 healthy volunteers. Involuntary contraction of the external anal sphincter (EAS) was induced by means of coughing. Cough efforts were elicited by electronic order. The electromyographic (EMG) activity of the EAS was recorded...