The Ames assays strains TA98 and TA100 have been useful in characterizing complex mixtures from organic solvent extracts of particles from diesel-powered vehicles, ambient air, and other sources. In this paper we report preliminary experiments using TA102, a bacterial strain that detects compounds that can oxidize DNA, to characterize the mutagenicity of an ambient air sample collected in Ann A...

New regulations in the United States and Europe, designed to address climate change concerns by reducing greenhouse gas emissions, are causing increased use of gasoline direct-injection (GDI) engines in light-duty vehicles (LDV). Separate new regulations that aim to reduce particulate emissions to address air pollution concerns are taking effect concurrent with greenhouse gas limitations in bot...

This paper presents a novel microwave cavity sensor application for the detection of HEPA filter particulate loading. The sensor resonates at 3.435GHz and 8.570GHz when empty, where the TM010 and TM020 modes dominate respectively. Experimental results show that the resonant frequency of the sensor shifts significantly when filters of different particulate loadings are presented to it. This is a...

The energy efficiency of Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) engines is leading to a continuous increase in GDI engine vehicle population. Consequently, their particulate matter (soot) emissions are also becoming concern. As required for diesel engines, meet the limits set by regulations, catalyzed filters considered as an effective solution through which soot could be trapped and burnt out. Howeve...

The Department of Energy currently employs high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters in a variety of applications, such as particulate matter removal from ventilation air and treatment of off-gasses from storage or remediation of mixed wastes. Section FC of the ASME AG-1 Code addresses glass fiber HEPA filters and restricts the media velocity to a maximum of 5 ft/min. Advances in filtratio...

We sought to evaluate the effectiveness of using an intra-aortic filtration system for the prevention of particulate emboli transport and the minimization of significant postoperative complications associated with particulate emboli. Between October of 2000 and October 2001, a total of 146 patients were enrolled at Advocate Christ Medical Center as part of the multi-institutional randomized tri...