Aminoglycoside antibiotics, including paromomycin, neomycin and gentamicin, target a region of highly conserved nucleotides in the decoding region aminoacyl-tRNA site (A site) of 16 S rRNA on the 30 S subunit. Change of a single nucleotide, A1408 to G, reduces the affinity of many aminoglycosides for the ribosome; G1408 distinguishes between prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes. The structures ...

We read with interest the clinical trial reported by Sosa and others in which topical paromomycin/WR 279,369/gentamicin was compared with paromomycin alone for the treatment of New World cutaneous leishmaniasis (NWCL) caused by Leishmania panamensis. The authors concluded that the combination product may provide greater clinical benefit than paromomycin alone. The authors stated that paromomyci...

BACKGROUND Since miltefosine monotherapy against visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania donovani has been discontinued in the Indian subcontinent due to an increase in the number of treatment failures, single dose liposomal amphotericin B is now advocated as a treatment option of choice. Paromomycin-miltefosine combination therapy can be used as substitute first-line treatment in regi...

The in-vitro activities of paromomycin and metronidazole alone or paromomycin and metronidazole plus hydroxymetronidazole (2:1 ratio) were studied against 19 Helicobacter pylori isolates using an in-vitro chequerboard technique. Partial synergy was demonstrated for the majority of isolates (11/19) for both combinations tested. When hydroxymetronidazole was added to the parent compound, the numb...

background: based on the efficacy of paromomycin ointment and recent ongoing clinical trials of combination of paromomycin and gentamicin, a new physical form of films of the paromomy­cin and gentamicin was prepared and anti- leishmania activities of the prepared films were as­sessed in vitro and in vivo. methods: paromomycin 15% and gentamicin 0.5% was incorporated in a film using ethyl cellu­...

Paromomycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic having low mammalian cell toxicity, is one of the drugs currently used in the chemotherapy of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis. In order to understand the mode of action of this antibiotic at the molecular level, we have investigated the effects of paromomycin on protein synthesis in Leishmania and its mammalian hosts. We were able to demonstrate th...

background: with respect to the prevalence of leishmaniosis in our country and the problems occurred in the therapeutic approaches and also with respect to the previous successful reports of paromomycin efficacy in this regard, the present study was conducted to determine the effects of paromomycin and gentamicine sulphate on promastigotes of leishmania major.materials and methods: it was an ex...

Paromomycin (PARO, synonym: aminosidine, Figure 1), a broad spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic first isolated in 1956 from the fermentation of streptomyces[1], shows activity against both grampositive and gram-negative bacteria as well as some protozoa and cestodes. Although it is not used as an antibiotic any more, paromomycin has been approved since 2007 in India as an effective, well tolerat...

BACKGROUND Leishmania infantum recently has been identified as a possible agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). This species has been isolated from cutaneous lesions of patients from the Mediterranean Basin. However, little is known about the clinical, biological, or therapeutic features of this newly recognized CL. OBSERVATIONS Six patients aged 9 months to 85 years in southeastern France w...

This study aimed to investigate the activity of a combination of topical paromomycin gel and oral miltefosine for the treatment of experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis. The efficacy of the combination, evaluated by measuring lesion size and parasite burden in the skin and spleen, was assessed in BALB/c mice infected by L. (L.) amazonensis. The milte...