BACKGROUND Tetramic acids with polyenyl substituents are an important class of compounds in medicinal chemistry. Both solid and solution phase syntheses of such molecules have been reported recently. Thiolactomycin, a clinical candidate for treatment of tuberculosis has led to further explorations in this class. We have recently developed an efficient synthesis of tetramic acids derivatives fro...

introduction: toluene is an organic solvent that it is one of the byproducts in the coke industry. exposure to toluene causes central nervous system dysfunction and others disorders. many workers are exposed to toluene due to leakage from tracks. therefore the aim of this study was to determine the levels of exposure through environmental and biological monitoring of toluene methods: air toluen...

BACKGROUND Growing evidence suggests that intestinal recovery from injury induced by radiation, endotoxin, and protein deficiency is improved by the ingestion of nucleosides and nucleotides. AIM This study examined the effect of dietary nucleosides and nucleotides supplementation on trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid induced colonic damage in experimental colitis. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats we...

This work reports on iron-catalysed hydroxylation of benzene and toluene using aqueous H2O2. While benzene is hydroxylated with a high selectivity to phenol, toluene is hydroxylated to cresols with a high selectivity for the ortho and para-position. An inverse KIE indicates the presence of a high valent Fe=O species during catalysis.

phenolic resin is among the oldest thermoset resins that have found wide spread applications in several industries, largely due to its high thermal resistance. in this research, room temperature curing of phenolic resin and its reinforced silica composite has been investigated by p-toluene sulphonic acid as a catalyst. mechanical properties of the composites such as impact strength, flexural pr...

Background: Toluene is a harmful substance still being used as a solvent and catalyst in many industries that can increase the level of urinary hippuric acid (UHA). This study was designed to examine the level of toluene and UHA among workers of industrial site in seven companies in Sidoarjo, Indonesia and to analyze the risk factors for abnormal UHA. Methods: This study was an analytical cross...

1. 2-Naphthylhydroxylamine and 2-nitrosonaphthalene were present in urine of dogs but not of guinea pigs, hamsters, rabbits or rats dosed with 2-naphthylamine. N-Acetyl-2-naphthylhydroxylamine and its O-sulphonic acid and O-glucosiduronic acid were not detected in the urine of any of these species. 2. Bile from rats dosed with 2-naphthylamine contained (2-naphthylamine N-glucosid)uronic acid an...

The catalytic oxidation of toluene to benzoic acid in the liquid phase has been studied in an un-stirred tank reactor. Low concentration of acetic acid was added in order to increase the solubility of the catalyst in toluene. The dependence of the rate of reaction on the concentration of toluene catalyst and oxygen pressure was studied. It has been suggested that liquid phase oxidation of t...

the increased surface area-to-volume ratio of nanoparticles, quantum size effects and the ability to tune surface properties through molecular modification make nanostructures ideal for environmental remediation. the present piece of work reports the preparation and characterization of nano cellulosic fibers (ncfs) with further polymeric reinforcement using vinyl sulphonic acid for the remediat...