Some analysts have criticized Friedrich Hayek’s theory of cultural evolution for implying that the rules, customs, norms, and institutions that emerge from the evolutionary process are necessarily efficient or desirable in all cases. This charge is unfounded. The present article defends Hayek versus his critics in two ways: First, it restates Hayek’s own objections to the idea that cultural evo...

The PANGLOSS Mark III system [Frederking et al. 94] was from the outset designed to be a symbolic, human-aided machine translation (MT) system. The need arose to rapidly adapt it for use as a fully-automated MT system. Our solution to this problem was to add a statistical English language model (ELM) to replace the most significant user activity, selecting between alternate translations produce...

The development of ap integrated knowledge-based machine-aided translation system called PANGLOSS in collaboration with the Center for Machine 'Ikanslation (CMT) at CMU and the Computing Research Laboratory (CRL) at New Mexico State University. The IS1 part of the collaboration is focused initially on providing the system's output capabilities, primarily in English and then in other languages, ...

abstractteaching and learning of french as a foreign language in any anglophone country such as ghana is an extremely difficult task to undertake both on the part of the teacher and the student. this is evidenced in the general low performance of students in the subject at the basic education certificate examination (bece) level in both public and private schools over the years. this case study...

Machine Readable Dictionaries (MRDs) contain much useful information about lan£uage. Researchers have worked for the last decade on ways to extract this information for language processing systems. But processing dictionaries for use in natural language computation is itself a difficult problem. Transforming information from a version designed for human readers to one usable by computers is a s...

Current MT systems, whatever translation method they at present employ, do not reach an optimum output on free text. Our hypothesis for the experiment reported in this paper is that if an MT environment can use the best results from a variety of MT systems working simultaneously on the same text, the overallquality will improve. Using this novel approach to MT in the latest version of the Pangl...

are developing a Translator's Workstation to assist a user in the translation of newspaper articles in the area of finance (mergers and acquisitions) in one language (Spanish initially) into a second language (English). At its core is a multilingual, knowledge-based, interlingual, interactive , machine-assisted translation system consisting of a source language analysis component, an interactiv...